Epidemiology

Question 1

Epidemiology

Answer 1

Study of distribution/determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations.

Look at how disease distributes in populations- measures this distribution.

Question 2

Measurements of distribution

Answer 2

Incidence, Prevalence, Mortality Rates

Question 3

Incidence

Answer 3

New number of cases

Rate: Total number of NEW CASES / Total POPULATION @ RISK

During a given time period

Question 4

Prevalence

Answer 4

Existing number of case/currently sick/affected

Rate: All NEW/OLD cases / Total population

During a given time period

(Recurrence can occur impacting prevalence)

Question 5

Mortality

Answer 5

Amount of people who passed away

Rate: how many people dying from condition

Question 6

Index case

Answer 6

FIRST identified case in a group of related cases of a particular communicable disease

Question 7

Attack Rate

Answer 7

Proportion of people who became ill/died from a disease in a population that didn’t have that disease

Acute outbreaks - quick ex: consumption of food

Rate: Number of people who became ILL/ Number of people @ RISK of illness

*What food caused the illness

Question 8

Notifiable Disease (NNDSS)

Answer 8

Reported to CDC

Question 9

Descriptive Epidemiology

Answer 9

Searches for patterns when investigating outbreak/disease

Uses Person, Place, Time

Question 10

Person

Answer 10

Age
Sex
Ethnic/Racial Groups
Socioeconomic status

Question 11

Place

Answer 11

Endemic
Sporadic
Outbreak
Epidemic
Pandemic

Question 12

Time

Answer 12

Secular (long - term) trends
Months
Seasonality