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COMMUNITY MEDICINE > Epidemiology > Flashcards

Epidemiology Flashcards

1
Q

The occurrence of a dxs in excess of what is normal for the pop at that given time is

A

Epidemic

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2
Q

When a disease is ALWAYS PRESENT at a particular pop at ALL TIME it is said to be

A

Endemic

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3
Q

Epidemics present in at least 2 countries in 2 different continent

A

Pandemic

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4
Q

Epidemics occurring within a SHORT PERIOD of time is called

A

OUTBREAK

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5
Q

Point source and continuous source are types of outbreaks T/F

A

F
Are types of common source epidemics

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6
Q

Types of Epidemic

A

Common source
Propagated source

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7
Q

All contact from the same source at the same time is

A

Point source

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8
Q

Everyone contact the outbreak from the same source but at different time?

A

Continuous source

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9
Q

DOSE OF INNOCULATED AGENT and IMMUNE SYSTEM OF THE HOST do not play a role in out breaks and evident of symptoms T/F

A

F

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10
Q

__ Shows the relationship btw TIME and FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE T/F

A

Epidemic Curve
F its frequency of occurrence against time

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11
Q

Draw the graph of a point source epidemic

A

_/_

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12
Q

Natural end of an epidemic is by _ and _

A

Death and cure
±confering immunity to everyone infected
± adequate vaccination

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13
Q

The peak of a point source epidemic curve in the frequency axis is the _

A

Mode

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14
Q

The time in which 50% of the people who partook of that event comes down with the dxs is called?

A

Median time

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15
Q

What is the significance of the median time

A

Signifies the incubation period

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16
Q

The time lag btw the time of contact to when 50% shows symptoms is called _ or _

A
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17
Q

A register was opened for all cases to be documented is called

A

Listing

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18
Q

A good listing is not helpful in drawing the EPIDEMIC CURVE T/F

A

F

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19
Q

List the components of a good listing?

A
  1. Time of showing of symptoms
  2. Time of presentation at the facility
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20
Q

Draw the EPIDEMIC CURVE of a continuous source

A

_/\/_

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21
Q

The time btw two peaks of a continuous source epidemic curve is _

A

Incubation period

22
Q

Eg of continuous source epi

A

STI

23
Q

In __ the source of the infection is not the same and spread can/cannot be predicted

A

Propagated source
Cannot

24
Q

In propagated source spread moves in a __ fashion until___

A

Geometric
All susceptible ind are infected

25
Q

The first person to bring the dxs to the pop _

A

Primary Case

26
Q

_ is used to know the infectivity of a propagated source in the pop

A

Attack rate

27
Q

Attack rate is same as incidence T/F

A

T

28
Q

Formula for attack rate

A

Number of new cases/ number of susceptible person

29
Q

The attack rate is a true measure of spread T/F

A

F

30
Q

The primary case is gotten from outside and should not be part of the numerator only but part of the denominator T/F

A

F
Not part of both numerator and denominator

31
Q

Secondary attack rate is

A

Attack rate excluding the primary case from both numerator and denominator.

32
Q

Having low secondary attack rate is better than a low primary attack rate T/F

A

T

33
Q

Secondary attack rate can be used to determine source of food poisoning T/F

A

F
For common source epidemics secondary attack rate is not used

34
Q

Secondary attack rate is only necessary for propagated source epidemics T/F

A

T

35
Q

Investigation of dxs outbreak is not the same as management of dxs outbreak

A

F

36
Q

Arrange the steps in the mgt of dxs outbreak in the normal order.
1. Mode of intervention
2. Verify that it is an epidemic
3. Confirm/verify the diagnosis
4. Put surveillance in place
5. Case detection
6. Document a report

A
  1. Confirm weather there is an out break.
  2. Verify that it is an epidemic
  3. Case detection
  4. Mode of intervention
  5. Document a report
  6. Put Surveillance in place
37
Q

Draw a spot map and epidemic graph of propagated epidemics

A

/\/\/\/\/\/\/\
/ \
_/ _

38
Q

Secondary attack is reduced by only 3 of theses
1. Immunization
2. Chemotherapy
3. Chemo prophylaxis
4. Treatment/Cure

A

All except Chemotherapy

39
Q

Case definition is used in which step of mgt of dxs outbreaks

A

Confirm/verify the diagnosis

40
Q

Suspecting clinical findings and confirming with laboratory test are steps in verifying if it is an epidemic T/F

A

F Step 1: In Confirming/Verifying the diagnosis

41
Q

Checking if the dxs is in excess of what is used to be is called?

A

Verifying if it is an epidemic

42
Q

Alert threshold for measles is 8 CONTIGUOUS CASES T/F

A

F (5)

43
Q

Spot maps and epidemic curve and case control study can be derived during step 3(case detection) T/F

A

T

44
Q

Opening a case register
Getting basic information(biodata)
Are components of

A

Case detection

45
Q

Odd ratio <1 predisposing
>1 = protective factors
T/F

A

F

46
Q

Mode of intervention may include

  1. Immunization
  2. Chemoprophylaxis
  3. Treatment of some cases
  4. Provision of information
    T/F
A

F Treatment of all cases

47
Q

No new cases after 1 incubation period is taken as the end of the epidemic T/F

A

F. After 2 incubation period

48
Q

The steps in the management of dxs outbreaks are in strict order T/F

A

F
The steps ain’t in particular order, step 3 and 4 may continue concurrently till the end

49
Q

Things to do when the epidemic is controlled(2)

A

Write a report
Surveillance must be in place

50
Q

A report on an epidemic that has been controlled involve the following except:
1. What was done
2. Institutional experiences at the health facility, state and national level
3. How the controlled was achieved T/F

A

T

51
Q

Intermitent watchfulness/scrutiny over the dxs/ factors responsible for it’s spread in particular is called __ T/F

A

F - continuous
Surveillance

52
Q

Surveillance is achieved through Continuous data collection T/F

A

T

COMMUNITY MEDICINE (3 decks)

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