EoY's Revision - Y8 Flashcards
What was Mary’s nickname
Bloody Mary
What did Mary do to bring back Catholicism
The Latin Mass and Bibles were brought back into use
The country re-united with Rome in 1554
Mary married Prince Philip of Spain (a keen catholic), meaning Elizabeth, her younger step-sister didn’t like him much at all.
She then burned any protestants to death.
Who was Mary’s sister
Elizabeth who became Queen after her death
How did Elizabeth try to resolve religious tensions around England?
She made a Middle Way. This allowed Catholics and Puritans to privately keep their religion, but keep the CoE their public religion. People had to attend CoE services, and those who didn’t were called recusants
What was Elizabeth’s Biggest Achievement?
The Spanish Armada (1588)
The Spanish Armada consisted of (so many Spanish Ships and Troops) and when did it start
Started in 1588, and for the Spanish, Consisted of:
130 Ships
8,000 sailors
18,000 soldiers
1,500 brass guns and 1,000 iron guns
and an extra 30,000 troops were to be picked up from the coast of The Netherlands
What did the British Have and the Spanish had not
We had experience people who fought at sea, they only had experienced sailors and sailed in a tight formation
How did the English attack the Spanish and how did it all end
In 158, Nearer England, We sacrifices 8 Ships and set them on fire, and pushing them towards the Spanish ships sending them into disarray. They then went up close and fired their cannons as much as possible. The Spanish later sailed round England, whilst in pursuit and eventually surrendered.
What were the main problems that had started the English Civil War
James and Charles ignoring believing in the Divine Right of Kings and setting taxes that annoyed the English People.
This was then backed up by the time that Charles requested for money to fight a war with Scotland and was given the Grand Remonstrance (a list of 204 Complaints), but in return was granted the money.
But it was when Charles then attempted to arrest 5MP’s after they ordered the Earl of Stratford to be executed.
They also neglected Parliament and angered them. But it was when Charles then attempted to arrest 5MP’s after they ordered the Earl of Stratford to be executed was when the Civil War Broke Out. Parliament fled to London, while Charles went North to Summon an Army. The Civil war started in 1642.
What helped the Parliamentarians win the Civil War
The New Model Army, made in 1645, of which was the creation of Oliver Cromwell made. It was England first Truly Professional Army and was run in a very strict manner. If any of the rules were broken, there would be harsh consequences. This all paid off and inspired them to Victory.
How did the Slave Trade Start off
The Slave trade started off by Portuguese and Spanish Slave traders sailing the West Africa and taking the fellow West Africans living there as slaves and sold them on to their colonies in the Americas in the late 16th and 17 centuries. Once England had Conquered Barbados (1625) and Jamaica (1655). The Slave Trade had really started. Later, the Triangular Trade was made.
How did the Triangular Trade work
When the Treaty of Utrecht (1713) with Spain was passed, this meant that England could trade up to 144,000 Slaves per year with the Spanish.
Then, The Triangular Trade was Formed. It went something like the following:
A British Slave Ship set off from
Liverpool, Glasgow or Bristol, carrying
trade goods and sailed to West Africa.
The Slave Ship then sailed across the
Atlantic to the West Indies- this stage
of the journey was called the ‘Middle
Passage’.
Some ships then loaded up with sugar
and rum to sell in Britain and were
sailed back home.
People made extreme amounts of money from the slave trade as a result of all of this.
The Industrial Revolution Triggered:
- A 260% growth in population
- A change in agriculture and industry
- A move from domestic industry (humans making the products) to factory work
- A move from water and wind power to steam engines
- A Revolution in transport and communications, from canals and pack horse to railways and the telegraph
Why was everyone moving to the cites
People were moving to the cities because they needed money and work. Jobs at a factory were well paid at the time, but the conditions and periods of working hours there were horrendous. This meant that everyone moved to the cities so they could live nearer to their place of work
How did Education improve
Education improved as it was originally only the rich that could afford schooling, but the Factory Act (1833) was enforced so young children working at factories would learn for at least 2 hours per day. In 1868, the public schools were reformed and primary education was made free by 1870. However you had to pay for secondary schools and Universities.
