Eosinophils COPY Flashcards
What are the 3 transcription factors of eosinophils?
GATA-1, PU.1, C/EBP
What is the most important transcription factor for eosinophil differentiation?
GATA-1
What are the 3 major cytokines of eosinophils?
IL-5, IL-3, GM-CSF
What stains highlight the eosinophilic granules?
Eosin, Giemsa and Luna
Granules are very basic, thus love acid!
What dog breed has a different eosinophil morphology? And what are they?
Sighthounds
Grey cytoplasm and vacuoles
True/False Primary granules (Charcot-Leyden crystals) are found in domestic species
False
Primate specific
Name the small granules enzymes
Arylsulfatase, eosinophil peroxidase, acid phosphatase
What is in the electron-dense crystalline CORE in crystalloid granules?
Major basic protein
What is in the electron-lucent MATRIX in crystalloid granules?
Eosinophilic cationic protein, eosinophilic-derived neurotoxin, eosinophil peroxidase
True/False
T cells, B cells, and eosinophils store their cytokines as preformed mediators
False. Only eosinophils cytokines are stores intracellularly as preformed mediators
What is the only prostaglandin formed in eosinophils?
Leukotriene D4
What is the most important chemokine of eosinophils?
Eotaxin-1 (aka CCL11) - they call eosinophils to tissue!
Also, RANTES - regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) (aka CCL5)
What is the adhesion molecule on eosinophils that attach onto chemokine Eotaxin-1?
CCR3 (adhesion molecule on the eosinophil) LOVE Eotaxin-1
Where is P-selectin located on the endothelium?
Weibel-Palade bodies of endothelial cells
“P-selectin Preformed in weibel-Palade bodies” – REMEMBER THE Ps!
What can increase P-selectin on endothelial cells?
When histamine +/- leukotrienes are released
What is RANTES?
Chemokine
Regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) (aka CCL5)
RANTES is a chemokine for what cells?
T cells, basophils and eosinophils
How do eosinophils degranulate?
Classical exocytosis, compound exocytosis, piecemeal degranulation, cytolysis
What structures are important in classical degranulation?
SNAPS and SNARES
What dog breeds are predisposed to canine eosinophilic granuloma?
Siberian huskies and CKC
What disease affecting Persian cats have large cytoplasmic inclusions in leukocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils and other cells)?
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Horse with wasting and weight loss, pitting oedema and epitheliatrophic infiltration of eosinophils on biopsy
Equine multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease (MEED)
What specific antihistamine is able to inhibit eosinophil recruitment and circulation?
Cetirizine
What cytokines enhance the integrin formation on eosionphils?
IL-4 and IL-13
