Eosinophils

Question 1

What are the 3 transcription factors of eosinophils?

Answer 1

GATA-1, PU.1, C/EBP

Question 2

What is the most important transcription factor for eosinophil differentiation?

Answer 2

GATA-1

Question 3

What are the 3 major cytokines of eosinophils?

Answer 3

IL-5, IL-3, GM-CSF

Question 4

What stains highlight the eosinophilic granules?

Answer 4

Eosin, Giemsa and Luna

Granules are very basic, thus love acid!

Question 5

What dog breed has a different eosinophil morphology? And what are they?

Answer 5

Sighthounds

Grey cytoplasm and vacuoles

Question 6

True/False
Primary granules (Charcot-Leyden crystals) are found in domestic species

Answer 6

False

Primate specific

Question 7

Name the small granules enzymes

Answer 7

Arylsulfatase, eosinophil peroxidase, acid phosphatase

Question 8

What is in the electron-dense crystalline CORE in crystalloid granules?

Answer 8

Major basic protein

Question 9

What is in the electron-lucent MATRIX in crystalloid granules?

Answer 9

Eosinophilic cationic protein, eosinophilic-derived neurotoxin, eosinophil peroxidase

Question 10

True/False

T cells, B cells, and eosinophils store their cytokines as preformed mediators

Answer 10

False. Only eosinophils cytokines are stores intracellularly as preformed mediators

Question 11

What is the only prostaglandin formed in eosinophils?

Answer 11

Leukotriene D4

Question 12

What is the most important chemokine of eosinophils?

Answer 12

Eotaxin-1 (aka CCL11) - they call eosinophils to tissue!

Also, RANTES - regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) (aka CCL5)

Question 13

What is the adhesion molecule on eosinophils that attach onto chemokine Eotaxin-1?

Answer 13

CCR3 (adhesion molecule on the eosinophil) LOVE Eotaxin-1

Question 14

Where is P-selectin located on the endothelium?

Answer 14

Weibel-Palade bodies of endothelial cells

“P-selectin Preformed in weibel-Palade bodies” – REMEMBER THE Ps!

Question 15

What can increase P-selectin on endothelial cells?

Answer 15

When histamine +/- leukotrienes are released

Question 16

What is RANTES?

Answer 16

Chemokine

Regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) (aka CCL5)

Question 17

RANTES is a chemokine for what cells?

Answer 17

T cells, basophils and eosinophils

Question 18

How do eosinophils degranulate?

Answer 18

Classical exocytosis, compound exocytosis, piecemeal degranulation, cytolysis

Question 19

What structures are important in classical degranulation?

Answer 19

SNAPS and SNARES

Question 20

What dog breeds are predisposed to canine eosinophilic granuloma?

Answer 20

Siberian huskies and CKC

Question 21

What disease affecting Persian cats have large cytoplasmic inclusions in leukocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils and other cells)?

Answer 21

Chediak-Higashi syndrome

Question 22

Horse with wasting and weight loss, pitting oedema and epitheliatrophic infiltration of eosinophils on biopsy

Answer 22

Equine multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease (MEED)

Question 23

What specific antihistamine is able to inhibit eosinophil recruitment and circulation?

Answer 23

Cetirizine

Question 24

What cytokines enhance the integrin formation on eosionphils?

Answer 24

IL-4 and IL-13