EOS1 exam science 2024 Flashcards
Terrestrial planets
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Gas Planets
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
The planets with belts
Saturn and Uranus
What separates the terrestrial and gas planets
asteroid belt
What caused Pluto to be defined as a dwarf planet?
The discovery of a rocky object similar in size to Pluto called Eris caused scientists to debate what defined a planet.
what classifies a planet.
according to an astronomer in 2006, to be classified as a planet the celestial body must
-be in orbit around a star, while not being a star.
-be large enough that its mass for its own gravity causes it to be spherical shape
-travel in an orbit that does not overlap with objects including planets.
How many years till the sun implodes
6.5 billion years it will implode and destroy mercury venus earth before it turns into a white dwarf and its gravitational pull would cease.
The sun was created by…
a nebula that collapsed
the 8 planets could fit into the sun..
600 times
the suns core is
15 million˚c at the core
the sun holds the planets in orbit with
its gravitational force
the sun gives humans and plants life on earth through
humans and plants life on earth through photosynthesis
what zone is the earth in
goldilocks zone
what is solar radiation
energy released from the sun that reaches all the planets.
what are all the different types of energy thst areemitted from the sun is
electro-magnetic, visible light, infa-red radiation, ultra violet radiation, x-rays and gamma rays.
why do humans need ultra violet radiation
for the human body to make vitamin D
Why does the earth need Solar radiation
photosynthesis and for the surface and bodies of water to be warm enough for life.
___ units of solar radiation are reflected back into space by the atmosphere
25
___ units are absorbed by the ground and ocean
46
___ units are absorbed by the atmosphere
23
5 units are reflected back into space by the.,.
ground and the ocean.
what direction does the earth spins
anticlockwise which means sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
the earths axis tilt
23.5
one full orbit around the sun takes
365.25 days which is the reason for a leap year every 4 years.
one full rotation of the earth takes
24 hours
the amount of sunlight a hemisphere receives determines
what season it is in
how many moon phases are there?
8
what is tidal force?
Tidal force is the amount of gravity that can be exerted or applied to an object
What does the moon exert a tidal force on?
The moon exerts a tidal force on the water on earth
the further you are from the centre of the earth the less
the gravitational force effects you
What does the moons tidal force on the earth create?
The moons tidal force on the earth creates 4 tides a day, 2 high (water levels rise) and 2 low (water levels sink)
what is a solar eclipse
a solar eclipse is when the moon passes between the earth and sun and they all line up
what is a lunar eclipse
a lunar eclipse is when the sun earth and moon all line up and the earth casts a shadow on the moon called the umbra which causes it to turn red
what are the 4 types of solar eclipses
the four types of solar eclipses are
total, partial, annular and hybrid
when was the carbon iferous period
250 million
brown coal is also called
ligmite
what is peat
peat is the dead things in a swamp that form a layer
the circle of light around the moon in a solar eclipse is called
the corona
why do total solar eclipses only occur when the moon is new
because it will not look as though it covers the sun entirely and no corona will occur.
porous rocks are called a reservoir rock because they
hold oil and natural gases
first environmental impact of coal mining
releases toxic gases into the air and water which can effect water and air quality
second environmental impact of coal mining
produces large amount of wast
third environmental impact of coal mining
to coal mine large scale movements of rock and vegetation need to occur
oil is a hydrocarbon, what is a hydrocarbon
a hydro carbon is a combination of hydrogen and carbon
what determines a living thing
a living thing is determined by if it does 7 things- movment, respirate, sensitivity, growth, reproduce, ecretion and nutrition.
what is movment
the ability to move independently
what is respirate
converting glucose and oxygen into energy
what is sensitivity
adapting to environment
what is growth
the ability to grow
what is reproduce
it is to pass on your genetics from one generation to another
what is excretion
the ability to remove waste from your body
what is nutrition
taking in and eating food
what is a prokaryotic
bacteria and archea
what is a eukaryote
animal, plant, fungi
what are the 5 rs
refuse, reduce, reuse, recycle, rot
step 1 of the digestive system
1-digestion begins in the mouth, saliva, teeth, tongue help to break down food.
step 2 of the digestive system
the stomach is a muscle that compresses food and it contains acid that breaks down food as well
step 3 of the digestive system
nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine
step 4 of the digestive system
food is prepared for excretion and large intestine removes water
step 5 of the digestive system
the recturm is where you store your feces
step 6 of the digestive system
waste is excreted through the anus.
what does PMAT stand for
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase.
The purpose of mitosis
1 cell grows, then divides into 2 genetically identical daughter cells
photosynthesis
carbon dioxide and water and enery give glucose and oxygen
callular respiration
oxygen and glucose give water, energy and carbon dioxide.
cytoplasm
jelly like substance where most chemical reactions occur
nucleus
contains genetic information and controls the activities of the cell
Mitochondria
powerhouse of the cell, is where respiration occurs
ribosome
carries out protein synthesis, turns DNA into energy
cell membrane
membrane that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell
chloroplast
only in animal, creates photosynthesis
Vacuole
stores water
cell wall
strengthens the cell and provides support
the direction of respiratory system
nasal or mouth cavity, pharynx, larynx; trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli and diaphragm
diffusion definition
the movement of materials from a high concentraion to a low concentration
how does temp affect diffusion
hotter it is the faster
how does distance effect diffusion
the further the distance the slower the diffusion
how does the concentration effect the diffusion
the higher the concentration the faster the diffusion
equilibrium is
fully diffused
does diffusion require ATP
no
why is polyester not renewable resource
because it is made from potroluem which is a crude oil
