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Surgery Rotation > EOR #4 pharm part 1 > Flashcards

EOR #4 pharm part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Dosage forms of duloxetine

A

20 mg, 30 mg, 60 mg

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2
Q

Average daily dosages of duloxetine

A

MDD: 40-60 mg/day
Peripheral neuropathy: 60 mg/day
GAD: 60-120 mg/day

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3
Q

Common indications of duloxetine

A

MDD
Neuropathic pain associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy
GAD

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4
Q

MOA of duloxetine

A

Inhibits neuronal reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine primarily, and dopamine to a slight extent

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5
Q

Common AEs of duloxetine

A 
Nausea
Dry mouth
Constipation
Insomnia
Dizziness
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6
Q

Renal or hepatic dose adjustments of duloxetine

A

CrCl <30: use not recommended
Mild-mod renal impairment use low dosing
Not recommended in hepatic impairment

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7
Q

BBW for duloxetine

A

Antidepressants increase risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults with MDD and other psychiatric d/os

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8
Q

Clinically significant drug interactions of duloxetine

A

CI-ed with MAOIs, inhibitors of CYP1A2 and CYP2DC increase levels of duloxetine. Chronic use of NSAIDs increases risk of GI bleeds.

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9
Q

Major counseling points of duloxetine

A

Pay close attention to mood or behavioral changes- this drug may increase suicidal thoughts or actions.
Benefits may not be seen before 2 wks of continued drug therapy;
May cause drowsiness; Avoid alcohol while taking this medication
Do not abruptly d/c
Store in a cool, dry place…
If a dose is missed, skip it and return to nl dosing schedule

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10
Q

Monitoring parameters of duloxetine

A

Improvement in S/sx of anxiety/depression/pain

Abrupt changes in mood

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11
Q

Dosage forms of risperidone

A

Orally disintegrating tabs: 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg, 4 mg
Powder for injection
Oral solution

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12
Q

Average daily dosages of risperidone

A

Oral: 1 mg BID on day 1, 2 mg BID on day 2, 3 mg BID on day 3, then titrate on a weekly basis
Max dose: 16 mg
Injection: 25 mg IM q2w

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13
Q

Common indications for risperidone

A 
Bipolar mania
Bipolar I maintenance
Shizophrenia
PTSD
Tourette's syndrome
Agitation
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14
Q

MOA of risperidone

A

Dopamine and serotonin antagonism

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15
Q

Common AEs of risperidone

A 
EPS
Tachycardia
Priapism
Rash
Somnolence
Agitation/anxiety
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16
Q

Renal or hepatic dose adjustments for risperidone

A

Recommended

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17
Q

BBW for risperidone

A

Increased mortality in elderly pts with dementia-related psychosis

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18
Q

Clinically significant drug interactions of risperidone

A

Fluoxetine, carbamazepine, and clozapine may increase risperidone

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19
Q

Major counseling points of ripseridone

A

May cause fainting during initial doses,
May impair judgement
Avoid EtOH
Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight and heat during therapy

20
Q

Monitoring parameters

A

Decrease of S/sx of bipolar, schizophrenia, PTSD and Tourette’s syndrome

21
Q

Dosage forms of alprazolam

A

IR tabs: 0.25 mg, 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg
ER tabs: 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 3 mg
Oral solution concentrate: 1 mg/mL

22
Q

Average daily dosages for alprazolam

A

Anxiety: 0.25 mg to 0.5 mg IR tabs initially 3x/day, titrate to individual needs
Panic d/o: IR tabs: 5-6 mg/day. ER tabs: 3-6 mg/day

23
Q

MOA of alprazolam

A

Facilitates the inhibitory neurotransmitter action of GABA in pre- and post-synapse

24
Q

Common AEs of alprazolam

A

Drowsiness

Xerostomia

25
Q

Renal or hepatic dose adjustments of alprazolam

A

Caution in advanced liver dz

26
Q

Clinically sig drug interactions for alprazolam

A

Taking other CNS depressants along with alprazolam can increase drowsiness and risk of respiratory depression

27
Q

Major counseling points of alprazolam

A 
May cause drowsiness
Avoid taking with EtOH
May be habit-forming
XR tabs should be swallowed whole
This med should not be abruptly d/c-ed
28
Q

Monitoring parameters of alprazolam

A

Anxiety/panic/depression sx

Misuse/abuse

29
Q

Dosage forms of bupropion

A

IR tabs: 75 mg, 100 mg
SR tabs: 100 mg, 150 mg, 200 mg
XL tabs: 150 mg, 300 mg
Zyban: 150 mg

30
Q

Average daily dose for bupropion

A

300 mg/day

31
Q

Common indications for bupropion

A

Depression
Anxiety
Aid in smoking cessation

32
Q

MOA of bupropion

A

Weak inhibitor of neuronal uptake or norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine

33
Q

Common AEs of bupropion

A

Tremor
Wt loss
Insomnia

34
Q

Renal or hepatic dose adjustments of bupropion

A

Hepatic/renal: consider reducing dose and frequency

35
Q

BBW for bupropion

A

Suicidality

36
Q

Clinically sig drug interactions of bupropion

A

EtOH may lower seizure threshold
Toxicity is increased by monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Chronic use with NSAIDs increases risk of GI bleeds

37
Q

Major counseling points of bupropion`

A

Swallow XL and SR tabs whole
Avoid EtOH
Wt loss or gain may be temporary
May need up to 2 wks to show noticeable improvement
Pay attention to sudden mood/thought change
Do not abruptly d/c

38
Q

Monitoring parameters for bupropion

A

Improvement in mood/smoking frequency

Unusual changes in behavior/suicidality

39
Q

Dosage forms of diazepam

A

Tabs: 2 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg
Injection: 5 mg/mL
Rectal gel: 2.5 mg/0.5 mL

40
Q

Average daily doses of diazepam

A

2-10 mg 2-4 times daily

41
Q

Common indications for diazepam

A 
Acute EtOH withdrawal
Anticonvulsant
Anxiety
Muscle spasm
Sedation
Status epilepticus
42
Q

MOA of diazepam

A

Enhances the inhibitory effect of GABA

43
Q

Common AEs of diazepam

A 
Drowsiness
Ataxia
Fatigue
Sedation
Cognitive impairment
44
Q

Renal or hepatic dose adjustments for diazepam

A

Daily 50% reduction of dose for cirrhosis pts

45
Q

Clinically sig drug interactions with diazepam

A

Additive effect with other CNS depressants
Cimetidine delays clearance
Grapefruit juice may increase plasma level

46
Q

Major counseling points of diazepam

A

May cause drowsiness
May be habit forming
Avoid EtOH while taking this medication
Do not abruptly d/c

47
Q

Monitoring parameters for diazepam

A

Improvement in S/sx of anxiety
Muscle spasticity
Seizure control
Abuse, misuse

Surgery Rotation (19 decks)

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