Enzymes and digestion and the Lungs

Question 1

what do Digestive enzymes do?

Answer 1

• they break down big molecules, which are starch, proteins and fats
• they’re too big to pass through the walls of the digestive system, so digestive enzymes break the molecules down
• these soluble molecules can easily be absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 2

what is a Carbohydrate?

Answer 2

• amylase is an example, its made in the salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine
• it works in the mouth and small intestine

Question 3

what are Proteases?

Answer 3

• they are made in the stomach, pancreas and small intestine
• they work in the stomach and small intestine

Question 4

what are Lipases?

Answer 4

• they are made in the pancreas and small intestine
• they work in the small intestine

Question 5

what can products of digestion be used to make?

Answer 5

• new carbohydrates, proteins and lipids
• glucose is a sugar produced by digestion and some of it is used in respiration

Question 6

what is Bile do?

Answer 6

• produced in the liver and stores in the gall bladder before its released into the small intestine
• neutralises the stomach acid and enzymes are alkalis
• it emulsifies fats, meaning it breaks the fat down into tiny droplets, this gives a bigger surface area of fat for lipase to work on and makes its digestion faster

Question 7

how does air move in and out of the lungs?

Answer 7

• the air you breathe in goes through the trachea
• then it passes through the bronchi, then through the bronchioles
• it ends up in the alveoli

Question 8

how does alveoli carry out gas exchange in the lungs?

Answer 8

• its surrounded by blood capillaries and blood comes into the lungs through these
• it contains lots of CO2 and little oxygen
• oxygen diffuses out of the air in the alveolus into the blood
• CO2 diffuses out of the blood into the air in the alveolus
• the blood then leaves the lungs and travels around the body