Enzymes and Digestion Flashcards

1
Q

What is the route through the digestive system?

A
mouth
Oesophus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intsetine
Rectus
Anus
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2
Q

What happens in the mouth, stomach, small intestine?

A

Digestion

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3
Q

What also happens in the small intestine as well as digestion?

A

Absorbtion

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4
Q

Define enzyme

A

A substance that is produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.

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5
Q

What is a catalyst?

A

a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.

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6
Q

Name 3 digestive enzymes

A

Amylase
Protease
Lipase

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7
Q

Where is amylase made?

A

It is made in the saliva gland, pancreas and small intestine

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8
Q

Where is protease made?

A

It is made in the stomach and pancreas

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9
Q

Where is lipase made?

A

It is made in the pancreas and small intestine

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10
Q

What happens to the pH of a lipid when its digested?

A

The pH becomes lower (more acidic) because fatty acids are produced

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11
Q

Why can’t amylase break down protein?

A

Shape of the active site in amylase is not complementary to the shape of a protein molecule substance

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12
Q

What are the two functions of bile?

A

to digest fat and neutralise stomach acid

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13
Q

Where is bile produced?

A

liver

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14
Q

Where is bile stored?

A

gall bladder

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15
Q

Where does bile act?

A

small intestine

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16
Q

Why does the stomach produce hydrochloric acid?

A

because it is responsible for breakdown processes it provides the right conditions for enzymes

17
Q

What is the function of digestive enzymes?

A

breakdown proteins, fats and starches

18
Q

What type of cells produce digestive enzymes?

A

breaks large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules that are absorbed into the active site.

19
Q

What substrate is amylase?

20
Q

What substrate is protease?

21
Q

What substrate is lipase?

22
Q

What is the product of an amylase reaction?

23
Q

What is the product of a protease reaction?

A

amino acids

24
Q

What is the product of a lipase reaction?

A

fatty acids

25
What is the function of amylase?
respiration
26
What is the function of protease?
to synthesise other proteins
27
What is the function of lipase?
allows cell membranes make hormones and insulation
28
Where does amylase act?
acts in the mouth and small intestine
29
Where does protease act?
acts in the stomach and small intestine
30
Where does lipase act?
acts in the small intestine