Enzymes and Digestion Flashcards
What is the route through the digestive system?
mouth Oesophus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intsetine Rectus Anus
What happens in the mouth, stomach, small intestine?
Digestion
What also happens in the small intestine as well as digestion?
Absorbtion
Define enzyme
A substance that is produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.
What is a catalyst?
a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.
Name 3 digestive enzymes
Amylase
Protease
Lipase
Where is amylase made?
It is made in the saliva gland, pancreas and small intestine
Where is protease made?
It is made in the stomach and pancreas
Where is lipase made?
It is made in the pancreas and small intestine
What happens to the pH of a lipid when its digested?
The pH becomes lower (more acidic) because fatty acids are produced
Why can’t amylase break down protein?
Shape of the active site in amylase is not complementary to the shape of a protein molecule substance
What are the two functions of bile?
to digest fat and neutralise stomach acid
Where is bile produced?
liver
Where is bile stored?
gall bladder
Where does bile act?
small intestine
Why does the stomach produce hydrochloric acid?
because it is responsible for breakdown processes it provides the right conditions for enzymes
What is the function of digestive enzymes?
breakdown proteins, fats and starches
What type of cells produce digestive enzymes?
breaks large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules that are absorbed into the active site.
What substrate is amylase?
starch
What substrate is protease?
protein
What substrate is lipase?
fats
What is the product of an amylase reaction?
glucose
What is the product of a protease reaction?
amino acids
What is the product of a lipase reaction?
fatty acids
What is the function of amylase?
respiration
What is the function of protease?
to synthesise other proteins
What is the function of lipase?
allows cell membranes make hormones and insulation
Where does amylase act?
acts in the mouth and small intestine
Where does protease act?
acts in the stomach and small intestine
Where does lipase act?
acts in the small intestine
