Enzymes

Question 1

we can use catalysts to do what to a reaction?

Answer 1

speed it up

Question 2

chemical reaction rates are controlled by what?

Answer 2

Enzymes

Question 3

enzymes are what?

Answer 3

biological catalysts

Question 4

enzymes are large what molecules?

Answer 4

protein

Question 5

the reactant is called what?

Answer 5

substrate

Question 6

the special shape of the enzyme allows for what?

Answer 6

the substrate to fit into the enzyme protein. (called the active site)

Question 7

enzymes don’t change what?

Answer 7

the reaction, they speed it up however.

Question 8

the substrate fitting into the enzyme is know as the what theory?

Answer 8

lock and key theory.

Question 9

if you increase the temperature of the enzyme then it will

Answer 9

speed up the reaction

Question 10

if you heat up the enzyme too much it will

Answer 10

denature, it can no longer act as a catalyst.

Question 11

what will happen to the enzyme if we change the PH?

Answer 11

it will change shape.

Question 12

lipids (fats and oils) are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol by which catalyst?

Answer 12

Lipase

Question 13

where is lipase made?

Answer 13

in your pacrease and your small intestine

Question 14

what do we call enzymes that break down carbohydrates?

Answer 14

carbohydrase

Question 15

starch is broken down into sugar by which enzyme

Answer 15

amylase

Question 16

where is amylase produced?

Answer 16

salivary glands

Question 17

protein is broken down into amino acids by which enzyme?

Answer 17

protease

Question 18

where is protease produced?

Answer 18

stomach, small intestine and your pancreas

Question 19

your liver makes a greenish yellow alkaline liquid called

Answer 19

bile

Question 20

your enzymes work best at what PH’s?

Answer 20

acidic

Question 21

Bile does what to the fats in the stomach?

Answer 21

emulsifies the fat in your food

Question 22

how do fermenters work?

Answer 22

store bacteria in conditions that produce enzymes, enzymes are then collected.

Question 23

two main biological enzymes in bio detergents?

Answer 23

• Protease

- Lipase

Question 24

the two main enzymes used in biological detergents

Answer 24

• protease

- lipase

Question 25

the use of enzymes in baby food:

Answer 25

protease, breaks down long protein chains

Question 26

sugar syrup uses enzymes how?

Answer 26

sugar syrup is broken down by carbohydrase to make sugar syrup.

Question 27

glucose is broken down by what to create fructose syrup?

Answer 27

isomerase.

Question 28

list 2 advantages to using enzymes in the industry.

Answer 28

• reactions can happen at lower temps and lower pressures saving cost in energy.
• Can be reused

Question 29

list two disadvantages to enzymes

Answer 29

• denature at high temperatures

- costs a lot to produce