Enzymes

Question 1

What can change an enzymes shape?

Answer 1

High temperatures

Question 2

Where are enzymes produced in the digestive system and what do they do

Answer 2

Produced by specialised cells in glands and lining of gut
Enzymes pass out of the cell into the gut where they come in contact with food molecules, thus catalysing the break down of large molecules into smaller ones

Question 3

What is amylase enzyme and where is it produced

Answer 3

Catalyses the break down of starch into sugar in the mouth and intestines
Produced in salivary glands, pancreas and small intestines

Question 4

What is protease enzyme and where is it produced

Answer 4

Catalyse the break down of protein into amino acid in the stomach and small intestine
Produced in pancreas and the small intestine

Question 5

What is the lipase enzyme and where is it produced

Answer 5

Catalyses the break down of fats into fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestines
Produced in the pancreas and small intestines

Question 6

What are the enzymes in the stomach adapted to

Answer 6

They work effectively is acidic conditions as the stomach produces hydrochloride acid in order to kill germs

Question 7

Where is bile produced, stored and what is it for

Answer 7

Produced in liver and stored in full bladder

Released to small intestines to neutralise stomach acids from food

Question 8

What are the enzymes adapted to in the small intestines

Answer 8

Work most efficiently in alkaline conditions

Question 9

What are the uses for enzymes that pass out of microorganisms cells
At home
In industry

Answer 9

Biological detergent may contain protease and lipase to break down protein and fats (work best at low temperatures than normal detergents)

Protease to pre digest the protein in some baby foods
Amylase to convert starch to sugar syrup
Isomerase to convert glucose syrup into fructose syrup

Question 10

What is the advantage to fructose sugar

Answer 10

Is sweeter than normal sugar so can be used in smaller quantities in slimming foods

Question 11

Why are enzymes used in the industry

Disadvantages

Answer 11

To catalyse reactions at normal temperatures and pressures that would otherwise require expensive, energy demanding equipment.
Most enzymes denature at high temperatures and many are costly to produce