Enzymes Flashcards
Why is an enzymes shape important
Active site fits specific substrates
What affects enzyme action
Heat
pH
How does temperature affect an enzyme
Gives molecules energy, too much and shape distorts causing the. Enzyme to become denatured
How are enzymes involved in digestion
Mechanical digestion in mouth, pancreas and small intestines produce enzymes
Definition of enzyme
A biological catalyst
How does pH affect enzymes
Enzymes are specialised to work in different levels of acidity
What is the role of bile
Neutralise stomach acid, emulsify fats
How do biological detergents work
Remove protein stains with enzymes within, also digest starch
How are enzymes used in the food industry
Isomerase turn glucose to fructose, same sweetness less needed, therefore less calories
Advantages of enzyme use
Many varied applications
Reusable
Speeds up reactions
Save energy, not as high temperatures needed
Disadvantages of enzyme use
Allergies
Expensive to produce
Can be difficult to reclaim from a liquid
Often need to be made in a fermenter, costly
