Enzymes Flashcards
0
Q
When G is negative, the reaction is _______.
A
Spontaneous.
1
Q
Classes of Enzymes (6)
A
- Oxidoreductases = catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions (NADH)
- Transferases = catalyze transfer of functional groups from one molecule to another
- Hydrolases = catalyze hydrolytic cleavage
- Lyases = catalyze removal/addition of group from/to a dbl bond, or other cleavages involving electron rearrangement.
- Isomerases = Catalyze intramolecular rearrangement
- Ligases = catalyze reactions in which two molecules are joined
2
Q
When G is positive, the reaction is __________.
A
Non-spontanous.
3
Q
When G is zero, the reaction is __________.
A
at equilibrium
4
Q
Function of Coenzymes
A
- Accomplish goals amino acid side chain units cannot
- Chemical changes catalyzed by side chains of amino acids are limited to acid/base and nucelophilic/electrophilic changes
- most notable use are in reductions and oxidations
5
Q
Absolute specificity
A
The enzyme catalyzes one reaction for one substrate.
- eg. Urease
6
Q
Stereochemical Specificity
A
The enzyme catalyzes a reaction for only one stereoisomer.
- eg. L-amino acid oxidase
7
Q
Group Specificity
A
The enzyme catalyzes a reaction involving only certain functional groups
- eg. carboxypeptidase
8
Q
Linkage Specificity
A
The enzyme catalyzes a reaction for only a single type of bond.
- eg. phosphatases
