Enzymes

Question 1

Activation Energy

Answer 1

the amount of energy required to initiate a chemical reaction when an enzyme is present

Question 2

Enzyme

Answer 2

a protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur

Question 3

Active Site

Answer 3

the region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction

Question 4

Substrate

Answer 4

the molecule that an enzyme acts upon during a chemical reaction

Question 5

Transition State

Answer 5

the intermediary state of the reaction, when the molecule is neither a substrate or product
rare and unstable

Question 6

Induced-Fit Model

Answer 6

states a substrate binds to an active site and both change shape slightly, creating an ideal fit for catalysis

Question 7

Competitive Inhibitor

Answer 7

goes into the active site and blocks substrate moleucles from entering the active site, reducing the effectiveness of the enzyme

Question 8

Cofactors

Answer 8

inorganic material (iron, magnesium), binds to the active site’s catalysis to help the process

Question 9

Coenzymes

Answer 9

organic molecule that binds to the active sites of certain enzymes to assist in the catalysis of a reaction, carry funciton groups

Question 10

Non-competitive inhibitor

Answer 10

molecule that binds to an enzyme at a different site than the substrate, reducing the enzyme’s activity (make it less efficient)