cell test

Question 1

Prokaryotic Cells

Answer 1

• NO nucleas
• look empty, small, simple
• in bacteria & single cell organisms

Question 2

Ribsons

Answer 2

responsible for proteins

Question 3

Eukaryotic Cells

Answer 3

• HAS nucleas
• have organells (parts of a cell), very organized more complex
• In animals, plants, fungi, protis

Question 4

Plant cells

Answer 4

• have chloroplast, cell wall, and a LARGE vacuole that stores water
• looks more geometric/rigid (square shaped)

Question 5

Animal cells

Answer 5

• small Vacuole, no cell wall, no chloroplast
• more blob shaped
• have centrials, cholesterol, and lyosomes

Question 6

3 parts of cell theory

Answer 6

1. All living things are made of cells
2. Cells are the basic unit of all life
3. Cells come only from other cells

Question 7

Scientists in order in cell theory

Answer 7

Hooke, Leeuwenhoek, Schleiden, Schwann, Virchow

Question 8

Robert Hooke

Answer 8

first person to view cells & named them cells

Question 9

Leeuwenhoek

Answer 9

firdt person to view living cells & named them animalcules

Question 10

Schleiden

Answer 10

determined that all plants are made of cells

Question 11

Schawnn

Answer 11

determined that all animals are made of cells

Question 12

Virchow

Answer 12

determined that cells come from cells by examining cell division under a microscope

Question 13

Phospholipid molecule

Answer 13

= phosphate group + 2 fatty acid tails
hydrophillic head and hydrophobic tails so when put in water they will automatically form a bilayer

Question 14

Phospholipid bilayer

Answer 14

permeable selectively so only things compatible with the tails (non polar things aka) can pass through
so Large & In Charge (polar) cannot pass through!

Question 15

Peripheral membrane protein

Answer 15

on the heads of the phospholipid

Question 16

Integral membrane protein

Answer 16

in between the tails of the phospholipid

Question 17

Cholesterol of a fluid mosaic model?

Answer 17

embedded within the phospholipid bilayer, acting as a “temperature buffer

Question 18

Simple Diffusion

Answer 18

passive transport, no energy needed
used for small non-polar molecules
goes with the gradient, in both directions (in & out)

Question 19

Facillated Diffusion

Answer 19

passive transport, no energy needed
used for larger non-polar molecules
uses a transport protein!
goes with the gradient, in both directions (in & out)

Question 20

Osmosis

Answer 20

passive transport, no energy needed
used for water molecules
uses a transport protein!
goes with the gradient, in both directions (in & out)

Question 21

Sodium Potassium Pump

Answer 21

active transport, uses energy
used for Na+ and K+ ions
uses a transport protein!
goes against the gradient, in both directions (in & out)

Question 22

Endocytosis

Answer 22

active transport, uses energy
used for large particles like bacteria or fluid drops
no transport protein.
N/A gradient, goes in

Question 23

Exocytosis

Answer 23

active transport, uses energy
used for large particles like bacteria or fluid drops
no transport protein.
N/A gradient, goes out

Question 24

Water Potential

Answer 24

the measurement of potential energy in water
Wp = solute potential + pressure potential + ….

Question 25

What is the name of a substance that can be dissolved in a solvent like water?

Answer 25

solute

Question 26

What is critical for plant structure to stay upright?

Answer 26

turgor pressure

Question 27

Lysis vs. Plasmolysis

Answer 27

Lysis - plant growing bc water is entering it
Plasmolysis - plant shrinking bc water is leaving it

Question 28

Remember to be able to identify parts of a microscope & how to use it!

Answer 28

sir yes sir