Enzymes

Question 1

By what other name are enzymes referred to

Answer 1

Biological catalysts

Question 2

What do catalysts do

Answer 2

Speed up reactions without being used up

Question 3

What are enzymes made from

Answer 3

Proteins

Question 4

What rate do enzymes control, in digestion

Answer 4

The rate of the metabolism (how fast food is digested)

Question 5

How are enzymes made

Answer 5

Chains of amino acids fold up to create an active site

Question 6

What enzyme digests carbohydrates

Answer 6

Amylase, carbohydrase

Question 7

What enzyme digests proteins

Answer 7

Pepsin, protease

Question 8

What enzyme digests Lipids

Answer 8

Lipase

Question 9

What do enzymes digest food groups into

Answer 9

Carbohydrates-> simple sugars
Proteins-> amino acids
Lipids-> fatty acids, glycerol

Question 10

What is the name of the hypothesis that describes how enzymes break down foods

Answer 10

Lock and key hypothesis

Question 11

What happens to the active site over a certain temperature

Answer 11

It denatures

Question 12

Where are all digestive enzymes created

Answer 12

The small intestine

Question 13

What is produced in the liver

Answer 13

Bile

Question 14

What is created in the pancreas

Answer 14

Amylase, lipase, protease

Question 15

What is metabolism?

Answer 15

The sum of all the reactions in an organism.

Question 16

What is the lock and key hypothesis of enzyme function?

Answer 16

The shape of the enzyme active site and the substrate are complementary, so can bind together to form an enzyme substrate complex .

Question 17

How does pH affect enzyme function?

Answer 17

The optimum pH for for most enzymes is 7 (apart from protease in the stomach). If the pH is too extreme, the shape of the active site may be altered and the enzyme may no longer work.

Question 18

What is the role of carbohydrases in the digestive system?

Answer 18

Carbohydrases break down carbohydrates into monosaccharides and disaccharides. Amylase breaks down starch into maltose and Maltese breaks down maltose into glucose.

Question 19

What type of metabolic reactions do enzymes catalyse?

Answer 19

Building larger molecules from smaller molecules.

Changing one molecule to another.

Breaking down larger molecules into smaller molecules.