Cell structure Flashcards
What are the main features of a eukaryotic cell?
Cytoplasm, cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, fungal cell wall and large vacuole
What are the main features of a prokaryotic cell
Cytoplasm, bacterial cell wall, no nucleus, one long loop of DNA in the cytoplasm, extra DNA called plasmid and no mitochondria.
How is genetic material stored in a bacterial/prokaryotic cell?
In a single strand of circular DNA
How big is a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell respectively?
prokaryotic cells range from 0.1 to 5.0 micrometers (μm) in diameter and are significantly smaller than eukaryotic cells, which usually have diameters ranging from 10 to 100 μm.
How do you figure out order of magnitude using standard form?
Just think it in your head 😉
Name and identify most parts present in animal cells
Cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, mitochondria, ribosomes
Name and identify parts of a plant cell
Cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, permanent vacuole, chloroplast, nucleus, ribosomes and mitochondria
Describe how to use a light microscope to observe, draw, and label a selection of plant and animal cells.
First, get a slide, coverslip, mounted needle, swab and iodine. Then take a swab of inside of your cheek then using the swab wipe it onto the slide before pouring a drop of iodine onto it. Then using a mounted needle lower the cover slip onto the slide trying not to create any air bubbles. Then put the cover slip onto the microscope whilst it is on the lowest setting then focus it and increase magnification.
Give some examples of specialised animal cells
Red blood cells don’t have a nucleus to allow more space for oxygen, sperm cell streamlined with a powerful tail, villi have large surface area.
Give some examples of specialised plant cells
Root hair cells have tiny hairs which massively increase surface area, palisade cells have large numbers of chloroplasts to increase photosynthesis.
How are cells adapted to allow substances in and out quickly
They have a large surface area:volume ratio.
