Enzymes Flashcards
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are biological catalysts that lowers the activation energy by providing alternative pathways and remains unchanged at the end
True or False: Enzymes are consumed in the reactions they catalyze.
False
What is the active site of an enzyme?
The active site is the region on the enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.
Fill in the blank: Enzymes are typically __________ proteins.
globular
What is the role of substrates in enzyme reactions?
Substrates are the reactants that enzymes act upon.
What is enzyme specificity?
Enzyme specificity refers to the ability of an enzyme to selectively catalyze a specific substrate.
True or False: All enzymes are proteins.
False
What is the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?
Enzyme activity generally increases with temperature up to a certain point, after which it denatures.
What is the term for the theoretical maximum velocity of reaction achieved by an enzyme?
Vmax
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a cofactor?
Metal ions like zinc or magnesium
What is an enzyme inhibitor?
An enzyme inhibitor is a substance that decreases the activity of an enzyme.
Fill in the blank: The __________ model suggests that enzymes change shape to fit the substrate.
induced fit
What are competitive inhibitors?
Competitive inhibitors are molecules that resemble the substrate and compete for the active site of the enzyme.
True or False: Enzymes can function in extreme pH conditions.
True, but only certain enzymes are adapted to extreme pH.
What is the primary function of enzymes in metabolic pathways?
To facilitate and regulate biochemical reactions.
Which term describes the energy needed to start a chemical reaction?
Activation energy
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of enzyme?
Cellulose
What is allosteric regulation?
Allosteric regulation is the regulation of an enzyme’s activity through the binding of an effector molecule at a site other than the active site.
Fill in the blank: Enzymes are sensitive to __________ and __________.
temperature; pH
What is the function of lyases?
Lyases catalyze the addition or removal of groups to form double bonds.
True or False: Enzyme kinetics studies the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
True
What is the significance of the Michaelis-Menten equation?
It describes the rate of enzymatic reactions with a single substrate.
What are zymogens?
Zymogens are inactive enzyme precursors that require a biochemical change to become active.
True or False: Enzymes are consumed in the reactions they catalyze.
False
Fill in the blank: Enzymes are typically __________ proteins.
globular
What is the role of substrates in enzyme reactions?
Substrates are the reactants that enzymes act upon.
Which factor does NOT affect enzyme activity?
The color of the enzyme
What is enzyme specificity?
Enzyme specificity refers to the ability of an enzyme to selectively catalyze a specific substrate.
True or False: All enzymes are proteins.
False
What is the effect of temperature on enzyme activity?
Enzyme activity generally increases with temperature up to a certain point, after which it denatures.
What is the term for the maximum rate of reaction achieved by an enzyme?
Vmax
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a cofactor?
Metal ions like zinc or magnesium
How to calculate Km on a graph
Km= substrate concentration at half of vmax
