Enzymes Flashcards
Biological Catalysts that speed up rate of the biochemical reaction.
Enzymes
Special RNA that acts as enzymes.
Ribozymes
Three Dimensional Enzymes.
Globular Proteins
Involved in redox reactions.
Oxidoreductases
Removal of hydrogen.
Dehydrogenase
Adds oxygen to hydrogen, forming water.
Oxidase
Region of enzyme that binds substrates, co factors and prosthetic groups and contains residue that helps to hold the substrate
Active Site
2 Types of Active Site
Binding Site and Catalytic Site
Non protein molecule which carries out chemical reactions that cannot be performed by standard 20 amino acids
Co-factor
These are inorganic molecules required for proper activity of enzymes
Inorganic Co-factors
These are the organic molecules required for proper activity of enzymes
Organic Co-factors
essential forregulating metabolism and circadian rhythm.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotideor NAD
Tightly bound organic co factor
Prosthetic Group
Loosely bound organic co factor
Coenzyme
24-hour internal clock in our brain that regulates cycles of alertness and sleepiness by responding to light changes in our environment.
Circadian rhythm
new medical treatment that can helpimprove brain function and decrease symptoms associated with certain mood disorders.
NAD+ therapy
An enzyme with it’s co factor removed is designated as
apoenzyme
The complete complex of a protein with all necessary small organic molecules, metal ions and other components is
holoenzyme of holoprotein
Reactant in biochemical reaction
Substrate
When a substrate binds to an enzyme it forms
enzyme-substrate complex
Enzymes that are synthesized by what that is used to attach the rough endoplasmic reticulum
ribosomes
What carries information for the synthesis of enzyme
DNA
Enzymes that are synthesized and retained in a cell for the use of cell itself
Intracellular
Enzymes that are synthesized in the cell but secreted from the cell to work externally
Extracellular
Systematic classification of enzymes
International Enzyme Commission
Mostly undertaken by oxido-reductases enzyme
Acid Base Catalysis
Catalysis molecule must come in bond forming distance
Catalysis by Proximity
Mostly undertaken by lysaes
Catalysis by bond strain
Enzyme that is released unaltered after completion of reaction
Covalent Catalysis
All chemical reactions that has energy barriers between reactants and products
Thermodynamic Changes
