Enzymes Flashcards
What are enzymes?
Proteins that function as biological catalyst- they speed up chemical reactions without being changed by the reaction
What’s the place called where molecules fit in the lock and key hypothesis?
Active site
What’s the lock and key hypothesis?
Where the active site on an enzyme matches the shape of its substrate molecules.
What does a denatured enzyme mean?
That the enzyme was exposed to extreme PH or high temperatures- causing the shape of their active site to change
Give the formula for rate of reaction
Rate of reaction = amount of substrate used or amount of product formed / time taken
Why after reaching higher temperatures-it’s optimum, does the rate of activity decrease?
The enzyme denatured and can’t function
When’s the optimum activity reached?
At the enzymes optimum temperature
If an enzymes optimum rate of reactivity is a PH of 7.5, where is that enzyme located in the body?
Small intestine
If the enzymes highest optimum pH is about 2, where is that enzyme located in the body?
The stomach
If the concentration of the substrate increases, what does that do to the rate of enzyme activity?
It’ll increase
Once the enzyme has reached its optimum concentration, but there’s still an increase in concentration. Why is it the same activity as it’s optimum?
There’s not enough enzyme molecules available to break down the excess substrate molecules
Give the risks of the effect of pH on enzyme activity practical
-iodine solution is an irritant. If it touches skin it should be washed off
-goggles should be worn at all times
How do you tell what was the optimum pH for the enzyme with the practical?
When it takes the shortest time to break down it’s substrate before the iodine no longer changed colour
Give the substrate and product for the enzyme amylase
Substrate-starch
Product- glucose
Give the substrate and product for the enzyme lipase
Substrate- lipids
Product- fatty acids and glycerol
