Enzymes Flashcards
Enzymes
How else can you describe enzymes?
1
Biological Catalyst
1
Enzymes
What kind of protein is an enzyme?
Globular protein
enzyme specificity
What are the two characteristics of an enzyme?
- Substance-specific
- Three-dimensional
Enzyme Specificity
What is a substrate?
The substance the active site of the enzyme is specific to
What determines the specificity of an enzyme?
The conformation of the active site
Enzyme Specificity
What determines the conformation of an active site
Polar and non-polar amino acids
Enzyme Specificity
What is the first step of the binding process?
The substrate collides with the binding site with an appropriate orientation as it moves through an aqueous environment
Enzyme Specifcity
What is the second step of the binding process?
The substrate is converted into product easier as the enzyme reduces actvation energy
Enzyme Specificity
What is the third step of the binding process?
Products are released, freeing the active site allowing it to break out other substrates
Enzyme Activity (T)
How temperature affects enzyme activity
(graph shape)
↝
Enzyme Activity (T)
increase in enzyme activity in phase one
explain
As temperature increases KE of molecules inc. causing an inc. in collisions (increased enzyme activity)
Enzyme Activity (T)
peak in enzyme activity in phase two
explain
ideal temperature for most enzymes (40c)
Enzyme Activity (T)
decrease in enzyme activity in phase three
explain
high temperature causes protein to denature (break)
Enzyme Activity (pH)
how pH affects enzyme activity
shape
⋂
Enzyme Activity (pH)
increase in enzyme activity in phase one
at lower pH, due to high concentrations of H+, the (+) charges interact with the (-) charged amino acids at the active site, preventing substrate from binding
