ENZYMES

Question 1

enzymes are a group of what?

Answer 1

catalysts

Question 2

function of enzymes

Answer 2

enhance the rate of reaction

Question 3

what state do enzymes occur?

Answer 3

colloidal state

Question 4

enzymes produced within a cell for metabolic activities

Answer 4

endoenzymes

Question 5

enzymes that act away from the site of synthesis

Answer 5

exo-enzymes

Question 6

name 6 general properties and factors affecting enzymes’ activity

Answer 6

amphoteric nature, specificity, colloidal nature, enzyme optima (temperature and ph sensitivity), concentration kf enzyme and substrate, enzyme inhibitors

Question 7

what is amphoteric nature

Answer 7

enzymes can react with acidic and alkaline substances

Question 8

what is specificity

Answer 8

most enzymes are specific in their action ex. single enzyme acts upon a single substrate

Question 9

what is colloidal nature?

Answer 9

enzymes provide a large surface area for reaction

Question 10

what is enzyme optima?

Answer 10

enzymes generally work best under narrowly defined conditions

Question 11

temperature sensitivity?

Answer 11

enzymes are affected by change in temperature, increase in temperature=increase in activity

Question 12

ph sensitivity?

Answer 12

intracellular enzymes function best around neutral ph

Question 13

what is concentration of enzyme and substrate?

Answer 13

rate of concentration is proportionate to the concentration of reacting molecules ex. substrate concentration increases then enzyme action also increases

Question 14

process

Answer 14

1. substrate approaches active site
2. enzyme-substrate complex forms
3. products released
4. enzyme recycled

Question 15

define active site

Answer 15

region that bibds substrates, co-factors and prosthetic groups, occupy less than 5% of area of enzyme

Question 16

2 types of active sites and their definitions

Answer 16

binding site: chooses the substrate and binds it to the active site
catalytic site: performs catalytic action of enzyme

Question 17

define substrate

Answer 17

reactant in a biochemical reaction

Question 18

define intracellular enzymes

Answer 18

synthesized and retained in the cell for the use of the cell itself

Question 19

where are intracellular enzymes found?

Answer 19

cytoplasm, mitochondria, chloroplast, nucleus

Question 20

what are extracellular enzymes?

Answer 20

synthesized in the cell but secreted from the cell to work externally

Question 21

how are enzymes named?

Answer 21

according to the name of the substrate it catalyses

Question 22

classification of enzymes is based on what

Answer 22

on the type of reactions catalyzed by enzymes

Question 23

classification of enzymes

Answer 23

oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lysases, isomerases, ligases