Enzymes

Question 1

Enzymes definition

Answer 1

Biological catalysts= speed up biochemical reactions but aren’t altered by them

Question 2

What is the turn over rate?

Answer 2

The number of substrates an enzyme can catalyse in one minute

Question 3

What is catalase?

4 points

Answer 3

1) An enzyme found in the vesicles
2) Breaks down harmful hydrogen peroxide into oxygen and water
3) Found in all living organisms exposed to water
4) Intercellular and one of the fastest

Question 4

What are the two different types of reactions?

Answer 4

Catabolic = breaks down
Anabolic= builds up metabolites i.e steroids

Question 5

What is an example of an extra cellular reaction?

Answer 5

Bread mould ( mucor) releases hydrolytic enzymes. They digest carbohydrates lipids; proteins and the products are absorbed for respiration and growth

Question 6

What do enzymes lower?

3 points

Answer 6

1) The activation energy- they reduce the energy needed to break strong covalent bonds
2) They do this by holding the substrate in a specific way that facilitates the reaction
3) They can also apply pressure to the substrate that will further lower the activation energy

Question 7

What is the induced fit hypothesis

Answer 7

to accommodate the substrate the enzyme moves very slightly and slightly changes shape = like a hand fitting a glove

Question 8

What is the active site affected by

4 points

Answer 8

1) pH
2) Temperature
3) Inhibitors = molecules that stop the enzyme from working
4) Co- factors = molecules that bind to the active site and improve there function

Question 9

What do enzymes look like?

Answer 9

Globular and tertiary structure