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Path 2 exam 2 > Environmental Stuff - Hertz > Flashcards

Environmental Stuff - Hertz Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of chemical that enter the body and can be eliminated or accumulate in fat, brian or tissues?

A

Xenobiotic

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2
Q

What catalyzes a reaction to detoxify or convert xenobiotics to active compounds?

A

P450 system

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3
Q

explain LD50

A

the amount of a drug needed for half subjects to die and half live

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4
Q

What type of drug is more toxic?

A

lipophilic

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5
Q

At what size are particles most harmful? Where do they end up?

A

10 micrometers, alveoli

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6
Q

Pt presents with cherry red skin

A

CO poisoning

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7
Q

What type of arthropod borne illness causes hemolysis

A

malaria specifically Plasmodium falciparum

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8
Q

What is the biggest cause of global warming?

A

loss of ozone

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9
Q

What acts by crippling ox phos?

A

Arsenic (Kill the king, like CN)

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10
Q

What interferes with normal remodeling of cartilage primarily in the epiphyses in kids

A

Lead

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11
Q

What causes a pt to be mad as a hatter?

A

Mercury

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12
Q

What binds to sulfhydryl groups

A

Lead and Mercury

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13
Q

What enzymes are inhibited by lead

A

alpha aminolevulinic acid dehydratase and ferrochelatase

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14
Q

What is the action of ferrochelatase? What abnormalities does its inhibition cause

A

catalyzes incoporation of Fe into protoporphyrin

micorcytic hypochromic anemia

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15
Q

What is coarse basophilic stippling on peripheral blood smear associated with?

A

lead poisoning

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16
Q

What toxicity is associated with GI, nervous system, skin, and heart problems?

A

Arsenic

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17
Q

What toxicity is associated with lung problems?

A

Cadmium

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18
Q

Pt has neurologic effects w/sensorimotor neuropathy starting 2-8wks s/p exposure to what?

A

Arsenic

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19
Q

What interferes with calcium metabolism?

A

Lead

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20
Q

What toxicity is associated with increased risk of cancer?

A

Arsenic

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21
Q

Chronic exposure leads to hyperpigmentation of palms and soles

A

Arsenic

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22
Q

What type of fish has more mercury in it?

A

The bigger one

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23
Q

What is associated with hematologic, skeletal, neuro, GI , and renal toxicities?

A

Lead

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24
Q

increased bone density on radiodense is called what?

A

Lead lines

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25
Q

microcytic hypochromic anemia is due to what?

A

suppression of hemoglobin synthesis

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26
Q

hyperpigmentation of gums is call what

A

lead lines

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27
Q

Kid presents with CNS problems, mental retardation, and behavhioral problems

A

lead poisoning

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28
Q

adult presents with neuropathy, wrist and foot drop?

A

lead poisoning

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29
Q

coarse basophilic stippling associated with what toxicity?

A

lead

30
Q

When you think of lead?

A

In kid - CNS

Adult - demyelinating neuropathy

31
Q

When you think mercury

A

CNS

32
Q

When you think arsenic

A

skin

33
Q

When you think cadmium

A

lung bc its a vapor

34
Q

Minamata disease d/t

A

Mercury exposure in utero, causes cerebral palsy, deafness, and blindness

35
Q

assocaited with dry cleaning

A

CCl4, organic solvents

36
Q

found in soot, chimney sweep scrotal cancer

A

polycyclic hydrocarbons

37
Q

people on farms spraying pesticides

A

organochlorines

38
Q

poison turn skin blue

A

dioxins and PCBs

39
Q

causes angiosarcoma of liver

A

vinyl chloride

40
Q

found in plastic water bottles

A

bisphenol A (BPA)

41
Q

risk factor for renal cell carcinoma

A

smoking

42
Q

Warfarin interferes with what clotting factors?

A

II, VII, IX, and X

43
Q

Pt on oral contraceptives that gets a DVT has ____ until proven otherwise

A

Factor V Leiden deficiency

44
Q

anabolic steroids give you what cancer?

A

CNS lymphomas; worse with AIDS

45
Q

Pt presents with central hemorrhagic necrosis of the liver due to

A

large dose of acetominophen

46
Q

what symptoms is assoicated with an overdose of aspirin

A

Tinnitus

47
Q

With aspirin overdose first you get _____ then ______ and it kills your _____

A

alkolitic; acidotic; kidneys

48
Q

When you think of cocaine, think ____

A

heart

49
Q

Young person with heart attack, agitation, hyperpyrexia

A

Cocaine

50
Q

Heart attack with cocaine use d/t

A

vasospasm of coronary vessels

51
Q

Use of what causes fetal hypoxia and spontaneous abortion

A

cocaine

52
Q

Mechanism of action of cocaine

A

blocks re uptake of dopamine and NE

53
Q

Opiates use can cause

A

amyloidosis, talc granulomas, lymphangitis, asystole, HIV, staph aureus

54
Q

pt has bad teeth

A

meth mouth

55
Q

trophic changes in brain d/t use of what

A

marijuana

56
Q

what is the least painful burn

A

3rd degree, all the way through nerves and subQ

57
Q

Malignant hyperthermia assiociated with what receptor

A

ryanodine

58
Q

Ionizing radiation damages tissues in what order

A

Gonads then blood (WBC, platelets, RBC), GI, brain is LAST

59
Q

muscle wasting d/t inadequate calories

A

marasmus

60
Q

big tummy d/t protein defect

A

Kwashiokor

61
Q

shuts down cell and starts eating self; associated with what

A

autophagy; cancers

62
Q

What vitamins are fat soluble

A

Vit, A, D, E, K

63
Q

Where does liver store vit A

A

Ito cells

64
Q

when low in vit A you get what type of cell change

A

squamous metaplasia

65
Q

Bitot spot in eye associated with

A

vit A deficiency

66
Q

What is the order of vit D metabolism

A

sunshine, liver, kidney

67
Q

what disease are associated with Vit D deficiency

A

Rickets - kids

Osteomalacia - adults

68
Q

Pt with bleeding gums d/t

A

vit C deficiency - scurvy

69
Q

what vit is required for tissue maintance and wound healing

A

vit C

70
Q

aphlotoxin from aspergillus associated with what cancer

A

hepatocellular carcinomas

71
Q

Pt with large nodules at the border of rib and costochondral cartilage

A

Ricketic rosary; vit D deficiency

Path 2 exam 2 (6 decks)

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