Environmental Standards Flashcards
What is an environmental standard?
A policy guideline that specifies a desired state of a given part of the environment.
How can companies show their compliance?
Through certification which recognise compliance with standards.
What are the three types of air quality standards?
- ambient air quality
- air emission standards
- mass emission limits
What is monitoring regimes related to emissions?
Monitoring of the source allows true attribution of responsibility
What is monitoring regimes related to ambient?
Monitoring of air, water or other receptor which may not provide proof as to the origin of pollution but shows clearly the impact. By the time detected by receptor, it is too late.
What is ambient air quality standards?
They are time-averaged concentration of certain contaminants over a stated period. Sometimes specified as continuous (rolling average over a fixed duration)
What are two values given in ambient air standards?
- a larger value over a short period
- a lower value for maximum global average concentration that is permitted over a longer period
What units are used for ambient air standards?
ppm. 1 ppm to the 99th percentile means that concentration may exceed 1 ppm for no more than 1 % of the time
What are emission standards?
These are set by the Industrial Emissions Directive and are typically stated as concentrations at point of discharge but sometimes mass discharges per unit of production.
What European Directive set air standards?
Ambient Air Quality and Cleaner Air for Europe.
These are ambient air standards.
What European Directive set water standards?
Environmental Quality Standards in the Field of Water Policy.
These are ambient water standards.
What directive allows ambient air and water standards to be met?
Industrial Emissions DIrective
