Environmental Science unit 1

Question 1

Environmental science disciplines

Answer 1

• Computers
• Earth Sciences
• Agriculture
• Chemistry
• Physics
• Economics
• Sociology
• Psychology
• Biology
• Law
• Engineering
• Ethics
• Politics
• Philosophy

Question 2

Biocentrism

Answer 2

All living things deserve equal moral consideration

Question 3

Ecocentrism

Answer 3

worldview that recognizes intrinsic value in all lifeforms and ecosystems themselves, including their abiotic components

Question 4

Anthropocentrism

Answer 4

values other lifeforms and ecosystems insofar as they are valuable for human well-being, preferences and interests

Question 5

What is the tragedy of the commons?

Answer 5

an economic concept that describes the depletion of a shared resource due to individual self-interest, despite the negative consequences for the collective.

Question 6

Where is the Gorongosa national park located

Answer 6

central Mozambique

Question 7

What is a biome?

Answer 7

a region characterized by its resident life, environment, and climate.

Question 8

what determines a biome?

Answer 8

Temperature
Precipitation
Location
Wildlife
biotic and abiotic material

Question 9

Why is Gorongosa national park being studied?

Answer 9

• conservation and restoration
• trophic rewilding
• vegetation dynamics

Question 10

Name all of the Biomes

Answer 10

Coniferous Forest
Desert
Grassland
Rainforest
Shrubland
Temperate Deciduous Forest
Tundra

Question 11

What is an ecosystem

Answer 11

A geographic area where Plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, interact and work together to form a self-sustaining bubble of life

Question 12

Desert features

Answer 12

Temp: 38C (day) -3.9 (night)
precipitation: 250 mm
Location: Between 15° and 35° latitude (north and south of the equator); examples are Mojave, Sonoran, Chihuahua, and Great Basin (North America); Sahara (Africa); Negev (Middle East); and Gobi (Asia)

Question 13

Grassland Features

Answer 13

Temperature: -20°C to 30°C
Precipitation: 500 to 900 mm annually
Location: The prairies of the Great Plains of North America, the pampas of South America, the veldt of South Africa, the steppes of Central Eurasia, and surrounding the deserts in Australia

Question 14

Rainforest features

Answer 14

Temperature: 20°C to 25°C
Precipitation: 2,000 to 10,000 mm annually
Location: Between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn

Question 15

Shrubland Features

Answer 15

Temperature: Hot and dry in the summer, cool and moist in the winter
Precipitation: 200 to 1,000 mm of rain per year
Location: Western coastal regions between 30° and 40° latitude (north and south of the equator)

Question 16

Temperate Deciduous Forest Features

Answer 16

Temperature: -30°C to 30°C, yearly average is 10°C; hot summers, cold winters
Precipitation: 750 to 1,500 mm of rain per year
Location: Eastern United States, Canada, Europe, China, and Japan

Question 17

Tundra Features

Answer 17

Temperature: -40°C to 18°C
Precipitation: 150 to 250 mm of rain per year
Location: Regions south of the ice caps of the Arctic and extending across North America, Europe, and Siberia (high mountaintops)

Question 18

Coniferous Forest Features

Answer 18

Temperature: -40°C to 20°C; average summer temperature is 10°C
Precipitation: 300 to 900 mm of rain per year
Location: Canada, Europe, Asia, and the United States

Question 19

what are the three types of marshes

Answer 19

-salt marshes
-tidal freshwater marshes
-inland freshwater marshes

Question 20

What are the benefits of salt and fresh water tidal marshes?

Answer 20

• they buffer stormy areas
• they slow shoreline erosion
• they regulate freshwater flooding from the land into the ocean
• Unique ecosystem that protects biodiversity
• they absorb excess nutrients that would lower oxygen levels in the sea and harm wildlife

Question 21

Give me the deets on them tidal salt marshezz

Answer 21

• form a grassy fringe along river mouths, bays and coastlines
• ocean tides cause water level to rise and fall twice a day
• plants such as sawgrass and pickleweed tolerate salty waters
• host animals such as aquatic birds, crustaceans, fish, shrimp, and raptors

Question 22

Give me the deets on them Tidal Freshwater Marshezzz

Answer 22

• further inland, yet close enough to the coast to be affected by tidal fluctuations
• low salt content
• Sedges such as water chestnut and papyrus
• animals like insects, waterbirds, anadromous fish

Question 23

Give me the deets on them Inland Marshezzz

Answer 23

• freshwater
  found along fringes of lakes and rivers with high water table
• vegetation depends on presence of water
• wildlife such as butterflies, frogs, snakes, bears, ducks, geese, racoons, turtles, frogs, alligators

Question 24

What is turbidity?

Answer 24

• the measure of relative clarity of a liquid
• indicates the amount of scattered particles in the liquid

Question 25

what is PH?

Answer 25

• measure of how acidic or basic a solution is
• based on a scale of 0-14.
• 7 is neutral, 7> is acidic, 7< is basic
• measures the amount of hydrogen

Question 26

What is salinity

Answer 26

• measure of the salt content in water