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Faith 21 > Environmental Science - Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Environmental Science - Chapter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

True or False. The energy needed to drive the hydrologic cycle is provided by the sun.

A

True

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2
Q

True or False. Water is a nonrenewable resource because once it is polluted, it is no longer potable.

A

False

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3
Q

True or False. Shortages of potable water can be attributed chiefly to natural, physical processes.

A

False

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4
Q

True or False. Water supplies are distributed evenly around the world.

A

False

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5
Q

True or False. Parts of the U.S. are currently facing a “water crisis”.

A

True

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6
Q

True or False. Thermal pollution occurs when industry returns heated water to its source.

A

True

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7
Q

True or False. Groundwater mining accounts for nearly half of the drinking water in the United States.

A

True

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8
Q

True or False. The largest consumptive use of water is for municipal drinking water.

A

False

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9
Q

True or False. Water the infiltrates the soil and is stored underground is called runoff.

A

False

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10
Q

True or False. Temperature change in water can alter the kinds and number of plants and animals.

A

True

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11
Q

The two activities that use the most water for a typical North American family of four are…

A

lawns and toilets

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12
Q

Worldwide, does industry or domestic uses use the least amount of water?

A

domestic uses (drinking, cooking, toilets, etc.)

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13
Q

The majority of freshwater in the world is present as…

A

ice and glaciers

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14
Q

Ways humans alter the natural hydrologic cycle…

A
  • evaporation as a result of irrigation
  • runoff from city streets
  • pumping water from aquifers
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15
Q

Processes of the hydrologic cycle…

A
  • evapotranspiration
  • flow of water to the oceans
  • precipitation
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16
Q

Stages in the hydrologic cycle…

A
  • transpiration moves water from plant surfaces to the atmosphere
  • precipitation is the movement of water from the atmosphere to earth
  • evaporation moves water from the land and water surfaces to the atmosphere
17
Q

Groundwater

A

accumulates from water that falls on the land’s surface

18
Q

The porous layer where water accumulates in the ground is called an

A

aquifer

19
Q

The upper surface of an unconfined aquifer is called a

A

water table

20
Q

Water is a renewable resource that circulates continually between the atmosphere and

A

The Earth’s surface

21
Q

Bottled water…

A

costs more than water from a municipal water system.

22
Q

Common problems associated with irrigation are…

A
  • evaporation causes salt to accumulate in the soil
  • the water that flows from irrigated fields is contaminated
  • pumping water for irrigation lowers water tables
23
Q

Thermal pollution of water is primarily from…

A

release of heated water from industry

24
Q

Water enters the atmosphere because of…

A
  • plants releasing water from their surfaces
  • evaporation from lakes, rivers, and oceans
  • evaporation from the soil surface
25
Q

Examples of water pollution are…

A
  • soil that erodes from a hillside into a local stream reducing the ability of aquatic plants to photosynthesize
  • increase in water temperature from a factory dumping clean but warm water back in that reduces some of the species
  • high levels of bacteria that would make people sick
  • oil that leaks into ground water that prevents drinking the water
26
Q

Aquifer that is bound on the top and bottom by impermeable layers

A

Confined aquifer

27
Q

Strategically placed openings deliver water directly to the roots of plants

A

Trickle

28
Q

A source of pollution readily located and identified

A

Point source

29
Q

More difficult pollutants to identify and control. Diffuse pollutants from agricultural land and urban paved surfaces

A

Non-point source

30
Q

When industry withdraws water from a source, uses it for cooling purposes, and returns heated water to its original source

A

Thermal pollution

Faith 21 (7 decks)

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