Environmental Science - Chapter 11

Question 1

True or False. High genetic diversity means that almost all of the individuals of a population have the same characteristics.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

True or False. Large populations have less genetic diversity than small populations.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

True or False. A species with a low reproductive rate is more likely to become extinct that one with a high reproductive rate.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

True or False. Ecosystems have not been significantly influenced by people in virtually all parts of the world.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

True or False. Humans have changed ecosystems more rapidly and extensively in the last 50 years than in any other period.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

True or False. One of the consequences of selective breeding is the loss of genetic diversity.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

True or False. Erosion of unvegetated land adjacent to lakes and rivers causes siltation.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

True or False. Grazing of arid and semiarid land provides little value or food to the people of that area.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

True or False. Cutting small, as opposed to large, areas of a forest can reduce erosion of the soil by wind and water.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

True or False. The introduction of exotic species into a freshwater ecosystem generally increases the population of the native species.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Elimination of all of the individuals of a species.

Answer 11

extinction

Question 12

Those species that could become extinct if a critical factor in their environment were changed.

Answer 12

threatened species

Question 13

Any change in the DNA of an organism

Answer 13

mutation

Question 14

Term used to describe all of the different types of genes, species, and ecosystems in a particular region.

Answer 14

biodiversity

Question 15

Forest harvesting method in which patches of trees are clear-cut among patches of timber that are uncut.

Answer 15

Patchwork clear-cutting

Question 16

Forest harvesting method in which all trees in a large area are cut and removed.

Answer 16

Clear-cutting

Question 17

Forest harvesting method in which individual high-value trees are removed from the forest, leaving the majority of the forest undisturbed.

Answer 17

Select Harvesting

Question 18

Set of physical features that conceals and protects animals from the elements or their enemies.

Answer 18

Cover

Question 19

Process of changing the natural community to encourage the increase in populations of certain desirable species.

Answer 19

Habitat management

Question 20

Genetic diversity is influenced by…

Answer 20

migration
mutation
sexual reproduction

Question 21

One of the measure of biodiversity is the number of…

Answer 21

Different species in the area

Question 22

The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN)

Answer 22

• forces countries to take steps to protect endangered species
• prevents trade in endangered species
• publishes a list of endangered and threatened species

Question 23

Protection of biodiversity typically involves…

Answer 23

legal protection by national laws and international agreements and management of the use of species and ecosystems at sustainable levels

Question 24

A species becomes extinct when…

Answer 24

all individuals of a species are eliminated

Question 25

Species are more likely to become extinct if they…

Answer 25

have both a low population density and reproductive rate

Question 26

Biodiversity includes…

Answer 26

• diversity of genes
• diversity of species
• diversity of ecosystems

Question 27

Characteristics of a species likely to become extinct include…

Answer 27

• low reproductive rate
• small habitat area
• low population density

Question 28

A situation that would likely have low species diversity is…

Answer 28

a forest being managed for maximum lumber production

Question 29

Sport hunting seasons are regulated in the fall so that…

Answer 29

surplus animals are taken before the challenges of winter

Question 30

An individual can help to control the spread of invasive species by…

Answer 30

• becoming informed about the issue
• by not planting exotic species
• not releasing non-native plants, fish, or other animals into water

Question 31

The use of range land for grazing by domesticated animals (cattle, sheep, goats)…

Answer 31

causes changes in the vegetation because domesticated animals feed differently that native animals

Question 32

Activities that result in habitat destruction of forest land, grassland, or aquatic habitats include…

Answer 32

• farming
• forestry
• grazing of livestock
• modification of aquatic habitats