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ENVISCI > Environmental Science > Flashcards

Environmental Science Flashcards

1
Q

Demand that your teachers teach you what you need to know to build it.

A

Peter Kropotkin

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2
Q

systematic study of our environment and our proper place on it

A

Environmental Science

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3
Q

Population Dynamics Objectives

A
  • appreciate the potential of exponential growth
  • describe environmental resistance
  • define fecundity, fertility, birth rates, life expectancy, death rates, and survivorship
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4
Q

a group of organisms of the same species which live in a particular area and have the capability of interbreeding

A

Population

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5
Q

Examples of Population

A

African elephants

Salmon

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6
Q

What determines whether a population will increase or decrease abruptly or whether it will maintain a delicate balance with its neighbors?

Ex: Wolves and Moose in Isle Royal

A

Dynamics of Population Growth

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7
Q
  • growth at a constant rate of increase per unit of time

* rate of population increase under ideal conditions

A

Exponential Growth

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8
Q

Exponential Growth Model Equation

A

G=rN

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9
Q

G

A

Growth rate of the population

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10
Q

N

A

Population size

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11
Q

r

the average contribution of each individual to population growth

A

Per capita rate of increase

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12
Q

Each cow moose reaches sexual maturity at

A

Age 3 or 4

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13
Q

She (Cow moose) reproduces ___________each year for the next ___________if she remains healthy, has enough to eat, and survives that long

A

1-3 calves

8-10 years

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14
Q

Each female moose can produce as many as ____________ during her lifetime

A

Thirty (30) calves

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15
Q

if half of the calves are female, and all survive to have as many offspring as their mother, the moose population will increase four to tenfold in each ten-year generation

A

Population is increasing at 14 to 35 percent annual growth rate

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16
Q

is the maximum rate at which a given population can increase under ideal environmental condition

(Growth)

A

Biotic Potential

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17
Q

Many predator (decrease of growth)

opposite of biotic potential

the factors that limit the population growth

A

Environmental Resistance

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18
Q

Female housefly

A

Musca domestica

19
Q

ach female fly lays an average _________ in each generation

A

120 eggs

20
Q

The eggs hatch and mature into sexually active adults and lay their own eggs in

A

56 days

21
Q

In 1 year (7 generations) , if all offspring survived long enough to reproduce, a single female could be the ancestor of

A

5.6 trillion flies

22
Q

the number of individual that can be supported with the natural resource limit to a given area and without putting at risk the natural, social, cultural and economic environment for the present and future agencies that live in the same area or habitat.

A

Carrying Capacity

23
Q

The nest of red ants made out of mango leave

A

Showing Carrying capacity

24
Q

•the carrying capacity of an area is not fixed; it is determined by the continuous ________________

A

Availability of resources

25
Q

• The environment can no longer sustain the number of individuals beyond the __________________

A

environment’s carrying capacity

26
Q

•Most organism that do not reach their full biotic potential may not be living under ______________________.

A

ideal environmental condition

27
Q

• The ___________________ has a lower biotic potential.

A

Human population

28
Q
  • irruptive growth

* a population explosion followed by a population crash

A

Malthusian Growth

Boom and Bust

29
Q

Factors that increase or decrease population

A

a. Natality, Fecundity and Fertility
b. Immigration
c. Mortality and survivorship
d. Age structure
e. Emigration

30
Q

production of new individuals by birth, hatching, germination, or cloning

A

Natality

31
Q

physical ability to reproduce

A

Fecundity

32
Q

measure of actual number of offspring produced

A

Fertility

33
Q

•Organisms are introduced into new ecosystems by variety of methods
•floated on winds or water currents •hitchhikers in fur, feathers or intestines of
animals
•flying, swimming or walking

A

Immigration

34
Q
  • death rate

- measures the number of deaths in a population in a unit of time

A

Mortality

35
Q
  • percentage of cohort that survives to a certain age
A

Survivorship

36
Q

represents organisms, such as humans or whales, which tend to live out the full physiological life span if they survive

A

Curve A

37
Q

represents organisms such as sea gulls in which the rate of mortality is fairly constant at all age levels

A

Curve B

38
Q

represents clams and redwood trees, which have a high mortality rate early in life but live a full life if they reach adulthood

A

Curve C

39
Q

movement of members out of a population

A

Emigration

40
Q

Significant loss

A

Bottle neck

41
Q

Example: camouflage

A

Crypsis

42
Q

Alike action

A

Mimicry

43
Q

Influences other trophic species

A

Keystone

44
Q

Limited resources

A

Scramble

ENVISCI (3 decks)

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