Environmental Science Flashcards
________ _______ incorporates the study of the physical, chemical and biological processes that takes place on Earth, as well as the social, political and cultural processes which impact the planet.
Environmental Science
It is the study of the interaction or relationship between organisms and their environment.
Ecosystem
2 Components of Ecosystem
Biotic and Abiotic
These are the living components of an ecosystem. Plants, animals, as well as fungi and bacteria, are some of the factors that are included here.
Biotic
3 Components of Biotic Ecosystem
Producers (Autotrophs)
Consumers (Heterotrophs)
Decomposers (Detritivores)
Ecological factors or the physical and/or the chemical factors that act on the living organisms at any part of their life.
Abiotic
5 Factors of Abiotic Ecosystem
Soil
Water
Light
Temperature
Wind
_______ is one of the significant abiotic factors of the ecosystem.
Soil
5 Horizons of Soil Profile
O, A, E, B, C
It is an important ecological factor. It comprises a large percentage of the tissues of organisms.
Water
3 Main Types of Plants
Hydrophytes - waterlogged - waterlily
Halophytes - saline - mangrove
Xeropyhtes - dry - cactus
2 Pathways of Energy
Autotrophy - produce their own food
Heterotrophy - eat other organisms
_____ ______ consists of the sequence of organisms that eat other organisms through which energy is transferred.
Food Chain
4 Feeding Levels of Food Chain
Producers
Primary consumers
Secondary consumers
Tertiary consumers
____ ____ consists of several interlocking food chains. It is a more complex pattern of energy
Food Web
________ refers to the ability of living organisms to accumulate certain chemicals to a concentration larger than that occurring in their inorganic, non-living environment, or the case of animals, in the food that they eat
Biomagnification or Bioaccumulation
________ is a chemical used for killing insects.
DDT or Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
3 Causes and Effects of Biological Magnification
- Impacts on human health
- Effects on reproduction and development of marine creatures
- Disruption of food chain
________ shows the amount of energy at each trophic level.
Energy Pyramid
______ refers to the amount of living tissues
Biomass
2 Classification of Nutrients
Micronutrients
Macronutrients
5 Components of Macronutrients
Carbon
Nitrogen
Oxygen and Hydrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfur
It is a process whereby nutrient runoff causes the overgrowth of algae, the depletion of oxygen, andthe death of aquatic fauna.
Eutrophication
4 Factors that Contribute to Overpopulation
- Improvement in medicine, nutrition, and sanitation
- Agricultural revolution
- Industrial revolution
- Economic and social development
5 Main Effects of Overpopulation
- Depletion of Natural Resources
- Degradation of Environment
- Conflicts and Wars
- Rise in Unemployment
- High Cost of Living
_______ is the biotic part of an ecosystem, which includes the producers, consumers, and decomposers.
Community
5 Characteristics of a Community
Dominance
Ecological Niche
Structure
Diversity
Stability
It is a characteristic of a community where it possess the highest biomass, occupy the most space, make the largest contribution to the flow of energy and cycling of materials and exert control or influence over the other organisms in the community.
Dominance
Charles Elton, an English ecologist, considered _________ ______ as the fundamental role of the organism in the community.
Ecological Niche
It is a characteristic of a community where this refers to the stratification into layers of community.
Structure
4 Layers of Forest Community
Canopy
Understory
Herbaceous
Forest Floor
3 Lake Stratification Layers
Littorral
Limnetic
Profundal
5 Ocean Stratification Layers
Epipelagic
Mesopelagic
Bathypelagic
Abyssopelagic
Hadalpelagic
_____ _________ refers to the total number of species in a community.
Species Diversity
________ ___________ is one having a large variety of organisms.
Diverse Community
_________ is an area with high species diversity between two ecosystems
Ecotone
________ refers to the ability of the community to maintain its normal conditions despite changes in the conditions of the environment.
Stability
2 Types of Stability
Resistance Stability
Resilience Stability
The orderly change in the organisms that inhabit the area is called _________.
Succession
2 Main Types of Succession
Primary
Secondary
Large ecosystems in different parts of the world resemble each other. These large ecosystems occurring in major land regions are called ______.
Biomes
6 Types of Biomes
Desert B
Tundra B
Coniferous Forest B
Tropical Rainforest B
Grassland B
Deciduous B
