Environmental Emergencies

Question 1

Where does the brown recluse spider live?

Answer 1

southeast and central U.S.

Question 2

Where does the hobo spider live?

Answer 2

Pacific Northwest

Question 3

Where are black widows found?

Answer 3

everywhere in U.S.

Question 4

________ is the most common symptom of hobo spider bite.

Answer 4

Headache

Question 5

Symptoms of black widow bite

Answer 5

Very painful

Severe Muscle spasms

Question 6

Which animal bites cause concern for rabies?

Answer 6

Bats, monkeys, dogs, skunks, raccoons, foxes (all carnivores and omnivores)

Question 7

Treatment for cat and dog bites

Answer 7

Amoxicillin-clavulanate

Question 8

Indications for primary closure of mammalian bites?

Answer 8

Bite on face or scalp
No underlying fracture
Non-immunocompromised host
Simple wound appropriate for single layer closure, no devitalized tissue

Question 9

How does each degree of frostbite present?

Answer 9

1st degree: Stinging, redness, edema, pale; no permanent injury

2nd degree: Clear blisters, numbness and burning pain

3rd degree: Blue-gray discoloration with bleeding blisters. Loss of sensation. Poor capillary refill. Tissue loss.

4th degree: blue, gangrene, necrosis, auto-amputation. Permanent anatomic and functional loss

Question 10

What is the criteria for urgent endoscopy?

Answer 10

Sharp or elongated object
Multiple FBs
Button batteries
Evidence of perforation
Coin at level of cricopharynxgeus muscle in a child
Airway compromise
Presence of FB for over 24 hrs

Question 11

Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning

Answer 11

HA, N/V, dizziness, difficulty thinking, visual disturbances, dyspnea, palpitations, seizures, coma, death

• Frequently looks like flu, gastroenteritis, or psych disorders

Question 12

Treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning

Answer 12

Cardiac monitor
High Flow 100% Oxygen

Hyperbaric Oxygen for severe cases of toxicity with cardiac and neurologic sx’s