Environmental Diseases 8.3 Flashcards
What are environmental diseases?
-Not infectious or contagious
-Caused by factors within the organism’s environment or their lifestyle
What is Malnutrition?
-Caused by unbalanced diet
-Can be over or under-nutrition
What is Scurvy?
-Under-nutrition
-Cause by lack of Vitamin C
-Symptoms include bleeding gums
teeth to fall out
swollen and sore joints
reduced healing time
What is Rickets?
-Under-nutrition
-Cause by lack of Vitamin D
-Conditioned worsen if lack of calcium and phosphate in diet
-Symptoms include
soft bones bend under the mass of body
What is Kwashiorkor?
-Caused by lack of protein
-Causes brain and muscle development to be slowed
-Symptoms include
pot-belly
weak stomach muscles
hair loss
swollen legs
lack of energy
60% of cases end in fatality
What is Over-Nutrition?
-Caused by eating too much, having unbalanced diet, taking too much vitamins, not doing enough exercise
-Leads to Chronic Disease including
High blood pressure
diabetes
heart disease
What is Obesity?
-Overweight, when more fat is stored in the body than considered healthy
What is BMI?
-Body Mass Index
-Calculation used to indicate if someone is obese or not
-Limitations are:
*Does not consider muscle mass or bone density’
*Inaccurate for adolescences
*Does not consider age, gender, ethnicity
Equation:
Mass(KG)
————-
[Height(m)]^2
What is Too Much Salt?
-Cause high blood pressure
-Our bodies use salt in our kidneys to regulate water in our bodies
-Too much salt from processed food can lead to kidney damage and high blood pressure
What is High Blood Pressure?
-When at rest strains arteries walls cause fats to build up and form blockage, damage organs, causing kidney failure
*Heart attack: Part of heart muscle is oxygen deprived and dies
*Stroke: Blood supply is blocked to part of the brain and it dies
What is Diabetes?
-Cause by lack of insulin
-Without insulin glucose builds up in the blood and cells are starved of energy
What is Type 1 Diabetes?
-Genetic
-Body unable to produce enough insulin
-To manage, do regular blood tests and insulin injections
What is Type 2 Diabetes?
-Lifestyle, excess consumption of sugary foods, body becomes insensitive to insulin
What is Asbestos-Related Diseases?
-Asbestos are naturally occurring fibers, found in rocks when breath in cause inflammation and scaring, scar tissue prevent oxygen from entering blood vessels
-Symptoms include:
*Persistent cough
*shortness of breath
*blue coloration of lips
