Environmental Chemistry

Question 1

Sulphur trioxide + water –> ?

Answer 1

Sulphur trioxide + water –> sulphuric acid

Question 2

Nitrogen dioxide + water –> ? + ?

Answer 2

Nitrogen dioxide + water –> nitric acid + nitrous acid

Question 3

Carbon dioxide + water –> ?

Answer 3

Carbon dioxide + water –> carbonic acid

Question 4

When plants dissolve into water what is created?

Answer 4

Plants dissolve into water to create an acidic substance

Question 5

When gasses dissolve in water vapour what is created?

Answer 5

When gasses dissolve in water vapour and can create acids in clouds

Question 6

When sulphur dioxide dissolves into water vapour what acid is made?

Answer 6

Sulfur out acid

Question 7

When sulphur trioxide dissolves into water vapour what acid is made?

Answer 7

Sulphuric acid

Question 8

When nitrogen dioxide dissolves into water vapour what two acids are made?

Answer 8

Nitric acid + nitrous acid

Question 9

When carbon dioxide dissolves into water vapour what acid is made?

Answer 9

Carbonic acid

Question 10

Where does sulphur dioxide come from?

Answer 10

Burning fossil fuels

Question 11

Where does sulphur trioxide come from?

Answer 11

Burning fossil fuels

Question 12

Where does nitrogen dioxide come from?

Answer 12

Care engines

Question 13

Where does carbon dioxide come from?

Answer 13

Respiration

Question 14

Sulphur dioxide + water –> ?

Answer 14

Sulphur dioxide + water –> sulphurous acid

Question 15

Name four effects of acid rain

Answer 15

Corrosion, can slowly cause deterioration of houses
Dead fish, can effect fisherman and life cycle
Dead plants, look ugly and can effect the ecosystem
Acidic water, can be harmful to the wildlife and people
Failed crops, can be harmful to the economy
Harmful to animals, can effect the life cycle

Question 16

What is corrosion?

Answer 16

When something is corroded it is dissolving

Question 17

What is erosion?

Answer 17

When something is eroded it is being broken into smaller bits

Question 18

Calcium Carbonate + Sulphuric Acid –> ? + ? + ?

Answer 18

Calcium Carbonate + Sulphuric Acid –> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Calcium Sulphate

Question 19

How can we treat acidic soils and water reserves?

Answer 19

We can treat acidic soils and water reserves by neutralising them using alkalis such as limestone

Question 20

PH {put in all caps simply for testing purposes} should be spelt with what in CAPS?

Answer 20

It should be spelt pH even at the beginning of a sentence

Question 21

Name four ways to test pH

Answer 21

Litmus paper
Universal indicator
Red cabbage indicator
pH probe

Question 22

What happens to co2 in the atmosphere? {in relation to sedimentary rocks}

Answer 22

The co2 in the atmosphere gradually becomes locked up in sedimentary rocks as carbonate and fossil fuels

Question 23

In what two ways can carbon dioxide be removed from the atmosphere?

Answer 23

Photosynthesis by plants

Dissolved by the oceans into rivers

Question 24

How do plants effect carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

Answer 24

When plants go through the process of photosynthesis, they are lowering the levels of carbon dioxide because the plants are absorbing the carbon dioxide when they photosynthesise

Question 25

What is Thermal Decomposition?

Answer 25

A reactant that involves using heat to break down a compound

Question 26

How many products does one reactant make?

Answer 26

One reactant makes two products

Question 27

What is an Exothermic reactant?

Answer 27

An Exothermic reactant is a reaction that gives heat out

Question 28

What is an Endothermic reactant?

Answer 28

An Endothermic is a reactant that takes heat in

Question 29

Metal carbonate –> ? + ?

Answer 29

Metal carbonate –> metal oxide + carbon dioxide

Question 30

Is respiration an endothermic or Exothermic reaction?

Answer 30

Exothermic

Question 31

Is carbon dioxide an endothermic or Exothermic reaction?

Answer 31

Endothermic

Question 32

What are most fuels made from?

Answer 32

Most fuels are made from carbon and hydrogen

Question 33

What are fuels made from carbon and hydrogen called?

Answer 33

Fuels made from carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons

Question 34

Why is carbon monoxide lethal to humans?

Answer 34

Carbon monoxide chemically joins for he blood cells so they can’t attach to oxygen cells, they deprive you of oxygen which makes you fall sleep, and then you slowly run out of oxygen and die

Question 35

What is incomplete combustion?

Answer 35

Incomplete combustion is when there is not enough oxygen for a fuel to burn completely, forming carbon monoxide

Question 36

What is complete combustion?

Answer 36

Complete combustion is where the entire fuel is burnt and nothing is left

Question 37

Name four properties of a good fuel

Answer 37

Something that doesn't release a lot of gas
Long burning time
Cheap
Renewable fuel
No pollution
Easily available
Easy to store
Releases lots of energy

Question 38

What is the conservation of mass?

Answer 38

Conservation of mass means everything you put into an equation must come out balanced

Question 39

What is a catalyst?

Answer 39

A catalyst will increase the rate of a reaction but the catalyst will remain unchanged

Question 40

Give an example of a biological catalyst?

Answer 40

Enzymes are biological catalysts

Question 41

What reaction does enzymes help speed up and where in our bodies are they found?

Answer 41

Enzymes help speed up digestion amongst many other relations and are found in the liver

Question 42

What is a hydrocarbon?

Answer 42

An hydrocarbon is a compound of hydrogen and carbon

Question 43

What is conservation of mass?

Answer 43

When the reactants are the same as the product

Question 44

What is the symbol formula for three common acids?

Answer 44

HCI
H2SO4
HNO3

Question 45

State 5 properties of metals

Answer 45

Shiny
Reflective
Malleable
Non porous
Hard