Environmental Chemistry

Question 1

What are Phosphates?

Answer 1

They are nutrients that enhance and stimulate growth of plants

Question 2

What happens if there is an excess amount of phosphates

Answer 2

It can lead to stimulated growth of weeds

Question 3

What are Dioxins?

Answer 3

They are chemicals found in certain pesticides and weeds.

Question 4

Why are dioxins harmful?

Answer 4

Dioxins are harmful because they can lead to severe illnesses and even birth defects

Question 5

What are the types of Pollution

Answer 5

-Noise Pollution
-Thermal pollution
-Air pollution
-Soil Pollution

Question 6

What is Nitrogen Fixation?

Answer 6

Nitrogen occurs naturally in the environment as N2 but it needs to be separated to be useful to organisms this is nitrogen fixation.

Question 7

What things can Fix Nitrogen?

Answer 7

The atmosphere, Root Nodules, and lightning can fix nitrogen and also certain types of bacteria.

Question 8

What is Fuel Combustion?

Answer 8

It is the burning of hydrocarbons(fossil fuels including coal, oil, and natural gas) that produces large amounts of carbon dioxide and water vapor. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, traces of lead and mercury are also formed.

Question 9

What are Industrial Processes?

Answer 9

This is where electrical generation, mineral and fertilizer production causes the release of harmful chemicals such as sulfur dioxide and natural gas into the air.

Question 10

What is Natural Gas?

Answer 10

It contains things like methane, ethane, propane, and butane.

Question 11

What is Sour Gas?

Answer 11

When natural gas contains Hydrogen sulfide it is called a sour gas

If it doesn’t contain it then it was considered a sweet gas.

Question 12

What is pH?

Answer 12

Its a measure of hydrogen ions in a solution

Question 13

What pH are acids?

Answer 13

Anything lower than 7(Acids taste sour)

Question 14

What pH is considered to be a base?

Answer 14

Anything higher than 7(Bases taste bitter)

Question 15

What are Indicators?

Answer 15

These are things that are used to determine whether a substance in an acid, neutral, or base. They can also identify the number of pH

Question 16

What is Neutralization?

Answer 16

It was when an acid and a base are mixed together. When these two mix both a salt and water are produced.

Question 17

What are the Macro-Nutrients?

Answer 17

-Nitrogen
-Phosphorus
-Potassium
-Magnesium
-Calcium
-Sulfur

Question 18

What do Maco-Nutrients do for Plants?

Answer 18

-Nitrogen(Produces proteins and chlorophyll - Leaf and stem growth)
-Phosphorus(root and flower growth - cellular respiration and photosynthesis)
-Potassium(stimulates early growth - starch and protein production - disease resistances - chlorophyll production and tuber formation)
-Magnesium(Chlorophyll structure - photosynthesis)
-Calcium(Cell wall structure - cell division)
-Sulfur(Production of fruits and grains)

Question 19

What do Macro-Nutrients do for Humans?

Answer 19

-Nitrogen(Composition of proteins and nucleic acids - growth and repair of tissue)
-Phosphorus(Composition of bones, teeth, and DNA - metabolic reactions)
-Potassium(Muscle contraction and nerve impulses)
-Magnesium(Composition of bones and teeth - absorption of calcium and potassium)
-Calcium(Composition of bones and teeth - blood clotting - muscle and nerve function)
-Sulfur(Protein synthesis - enzyme activation - detoxification)

Question 20

What are the ways organisms take in substances?

Answer 20

They take them through diffusion, osmosis, and active transport

Question 21

What is Diffusion?

Answer 21

The movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to low areas of concentration(High to low)

Question 22

What is Osmosis?

Answer 22

When water moves through a plant through the walls of a plants roots from where there is an area of a lot of water molecules to an area where there is low water molecules(High to low with water)

Question 23

What is Active Transport?