environmental chemistry

Question 1

Organic Nutrients

Answer 1

organic compounds that feature compounds with carbon
Example: protein

Question 2

Inorganic Nutrients

Answer 2

Inorganic elements that you get from food
Example: salt

Question 3

Carbohydrates

Answer 3

any large group of organic compounds
Example: sugar, starch

Question 4

Lipids

Answer 4

Lipids are a broad group of naturally-occurring molecules
Example: fats

Question 5

Proteins

Answer 5

Proteins are large molecules that are critical for the body. They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.

Question 6

Persistent Waste

Answer 6

Something that wont break down naturally. E.g. plastic

Question 7

Non-Persistent Waste

Answer 7

Something that will break down naturally. E.g. food, sewage

Question 8

Herbicide

Answer 8

Type of pest that controls plants. E.g. dandilions

Question 9

biomagnification

Answer 9

the accumulation of a particular substance in the body of the organisms at different trophic levels of a food chain.

Question 10

parts per million

Answer 10

parts per million or ppm means out of a million. Usually describes the concentration of something in water or soil.

Question 11

acute toxicity

Answer 11

adverse effects occurring following a single dose of a substance, or multiple doses given within 24 hours, or an inhalation exposure of 4 hours. e.g. alcohol “hangovers”

Question 12

chronic toxicity

Answer 12

the development of adverse effects as the result of long term exposure to a toxicant or other stressor. e.g. led

Question 13

lethal dose 50

Answer 13

LD50 is the amount of a material, given all at once, which causes the death of 50% (one half) of a group of test animals. The LD50 is one way to measure the short-term poisoning potential (acute toxicity) of a material.

Question 14

biotic limiting factor

Answer 14

things that restrict size, growth, and population, things like food, disease, and predators

Question 15

Abiotic limiting factor

Answer 15

non- living things such as tempature, climate, sunlight, amount of water. etc

Question 16

bioindicator species

Answer 16

A species that indicates change in the environment

Question 17

point source pollution

Answer 17

any single identifiable source of pollution, comes from one place.

Question 18

non-point source pollution

Answer 18

pollution that comes from multiple sources, often small amount of contaminant gathered from a large area.

Question 19

biodegradable

Answer 19

a substance being capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms.

Question 20

sanitary landfill

Answer 20

The sanitary landfill is a method of disposing waste on land without harming the environment and public health. The landfill is lined with clay to prevent leaching of chemicals.

Question 21

CFC’s

Answer 21

Chlorofluorocarbon is an organic compound that does not occur naturally. They are man-made gas. It contains carbon, chlorine, and fluorine

Question 22

Bioremediation

Answer 22

a branch of biotechnology that employs the use of living organisms, like bacteria to decontaminate affected areas. It is used in the removal of contaminants, pollutants, and toxins from soil, water, and other environments.