Electrical Principles and Technologies Flashcards
Current Electricity
the flow of electricity in an electronic circuit
Static Electricity
A stationary electric charge
Law of charges
positive + positive = repel
negative + positive = attract
negative + negative = repel
Conductor
a substance or material that allows electricity to flow through it.
Insulator
Materials that do not allow electricity to pass through them
voltage
how much energy there is in a circuit
current
how much charge is flowing through a wire.
parrallel circut
a circuit where switches can turn certain parts on or off, each light bulb will contain the same amount of power.
series circut
a circut where all device turn on or off with one switch.
closed circuit
electrons can travel through a wire without being interrupted
open circuit
no energy is being passed through a wire (no power)
resistance
Resistance is a measure of the resistance to current flow in an electrical circuit. Resistance is measured in ohms.
ohms law
R = V/I
V = I x R
I = V/R
mechanical energy
energy that results in motion. e.g. windmills, cycling, human body.
chemical energy
energy stored in chemicals, released in chemical reactions. e.g. food, batteries, explosives, ice packs, gasoline or any fuel.
electrical energy
energy of charged particles, released when traveled place to place. e.g. phone, lamp, devices.
thermal energy
energy from heat. e.g. hair dryer, straightener, baking, heat from sun.
efficiency
useful energy output/useful energy input x 100
laws of thermodynamics
energy cannot be created or destroyed. No energy conversion process in 100% efficient.
Generator
A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
Magnetism
Magnetism is the force exerted by magnets when they attract or repel each other
Armature
usually rotating part of an electric machine (such as a generator or motor)
Commutator
a rotatory electrical switch that reverses the direction of current between the rotor and the external circuit periodically.
Electromagnet
a core of magnetic material (such as iron) surrounded by a coil of wire through which an electric current is passed to magnetize the core.
St. Louis Motor
a motor that is powered by direct current.
Alternating Current
relies on the principles of magnetism to create an electric current that alternates directions.
Direct Current
an electrical current that flows in one direction
