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DTM&H 2024 > Entomology 1 > Flashcards

Entomology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Entomology Metamorphosis

A

Series of changes which an insect passes in its growth from egg to adult

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2
Q

Entomology Insect head

A

Antennae and eyes, ocelli and three pairs of jaws (mandible, maxillae, labium)

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3
Q

Entomology Insect thorax

A

3 segments each bearing a pair of legs, the second and third may also bear a pair of wings

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4
Q

Entomology Insect abdomen

A

Usually has 11 segments

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5
Q

Entomology Arachnid cephalothorax

A

No antennae, chelicerae and mouth parts do not have jaw, four pairs of legs

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6
Q

Entomology Arachnid abdomen

A

Also known as opisthosoma.

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7
Q

Entomology Vector borne protozoa

A

Malaria, leishmania, trypanosomiasis

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8
Q

Entomology Vector borne filaria

A

Lymphatic filariasis (Culex, Anopheles, Aedes, Mansonia), Onchocerca volvulus (Simulium fly), Loa loa (Chrysops fly), Mansonella (Midge)

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9
Q

Entomology Vector borne viruses

A

YF, Dengue

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10
Q

Entomology Vector borne bacteria

A

Plague, typhus, relapsing fever

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11
Q

Entomology Mechanical transmission

A

Trachoma on Musca sorbens, Shigella

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12
Q

Entomology Malaria

A

Bite of Anopheles

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13
Q

Entomology Lymphatic filariasis

A

Bite of Culex, Anopheles, Aedes and Mansonia

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14
Q

Entomology Diarrhoea disease mechanical transfer

A

Houseflies eg Musca domestica - contact with infected faeces

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15
Q

Entomology Trachoma

A

Musca sorbens - contact with eye secretions

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16
Q

Entomology Dengue

A

Bite of Aedes

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17
Q

Entomology Leishmania

A

Bite of Phlebotamine sandfly

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18
Q

Entomology Onchocerciasis

A

Bite of Simulium black fly

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19
Q

Entomology T brucei

A

Bite of Glossina tsetse fly

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20
Q

Entomology T cruzi

A

Bite of Triatoma, Rhodnius, triatomine bug

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21
Q

Entomology Rickettsia prowazeki

A

Bite of Pediculus humanus

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22
Q

Entomology Plague

A

Bite of Xenopsylla rat flea

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23
Q

Entomology Japanese encephalitis virus

A

Bite of Culex, Anopheles, Aedes and Mansonia

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24
Q

Entomology Yellow fever

A

Bite of Aedes and Haemagogus

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25
Entomology Relapsing fever (Borrelia duttoni & recurrentis
Transovarial or bite of Ornthodoros and P humanus
26
Entomology Loa loa
Bite Chrysops deer fly
27
Entomology Scrub typhus O tsutsugamushi
Transovarial or bite of Leptotrombidium chigger mite
28
Entomology Lyme Borrelia burgdorferi
Bite of Ixodes
29
Entomology Tick borne encephalitis
Bite of Ixodes
30
Entomology West Nile virus
Bite of Culex
31
Entomology Zika virus
Bite of Aedes
32
Anopheles Time of biting
Night, inside houses
33
Aedes Time of biting
Day
34
Tsetse and flies Control
Traps
35
Mosquito larvae Control
Larval source management (LSM) - intermittent irrigation/flushing, chemical larvicides (Abate), treat with predatory copepods, reduce water (ie tyres and garbage, bacterial toxins (Bacillus), fish to eat larvae
36
Culex larvae Control
Moving water, floating polystyrene beads in latrines
37
Aedes Control
Wolbachia
38
Anopheles Control
IRS indoor residual spray, LLIN long-lasting insecticidal nets
39
Simulium Control
Aerial spraying of fast flowing water
40
Mosquito Subfamily: Anophelinae
Anopheles
41
Mosquito Subfamily: Culicinae
Aedes, Culex, Mansonia, Haemagoggus (+Toxorhynchites)
42
Anopheles Eggs
Cigar shaped, air-filled lateral floats
43
Anopheles Larva
Lays parallel to water, no siphon creates feeding current with mouthbrushes
44
Mosquito Life cycle
Egg -> larva -> pupae -> adult
45
Culicine Eggs
Lack float
46
Aedes Eggs
Black, laid singly on moist surface, can withstand desiccation for months
47
Culex Eggs
Brown, thin rafts
48
Mansonia Eggs
Stick to underside of aquatic vegetation
49
Culicine Larvae
Siphon, hang at angle to surface
50
Mosquito Blood meal
Only the female takes a blood meal - protein for egg development
51
Mosquito Pupae
Comma shaped, active, non-feeding - cannot distinguish anopheline from culicinae
52
Mosquito Proboscis
Sheath that surrounds mouthpart stylets - pair of maxillae, mandibles, one hypopharynx and the labrum (food canal)
53
Anopheles Travel distance
2-4km
54
Anopheles Monitoring population
Ladle for larvae/pupae, human landing catches (unethical), light traps then blood meal identification with anti-human Ab, dissection and age-grading by ovaries
55
Culex Body & Wings
Boring brown appearance
56
Aedes Body & Wings
Body black or brown with highlights of white or silver, legs and abdomen have banded appearance - A aegypti violin, A albopictus line
57
Mansonia Body & Wings
Speckled appearance with banded legs. Broad asymmetrical wings
58
Haemogoggus Body & Wings
Metallic and shiny
59
Anopheles Head
Both sexes have long palps, clustering of dark & pale scales forming bands. Male have densely haired antennae and long clubbed palps. Female have sparsely haired antennae and long palps. Body rests at 45o to surface
60
Culicine Head
Female short palps with sparsely haired antennae, Male long palps tapering to a point, densely haired antennae. Body rests parallel to surface
61
Phlebotamine Vector for
Leishmania
62
Phlebotamine Abdomen
Female round, male thinner with conspicuous copulatory claspers
63
Phlebotamine Larva
Terrestrial, dark head, short clubbed hairs over body 'match stick' with caudal bristles
64
Phlebotamine Pupae
Upright, paired caudal setae
65
Phlebotamine Adult
Smaller than mosquito (look macroscopic before microscopic). Hairy head, body and wings. Wings held upwards in V shape when at rest
66
Tsetse (Glossina) Vector for
Human African Trypanosomiasis
67
Tsetse (Glossina) Adult
Larger than mosquito (look macroscopic before microscopic). Branched hair on arista with small antennae. Proboscis and palp sit together. Wing has hatchet shaped cell
68
Tsetse (Glossina) Reproduction
Female only produces one larva each reproductive cycle, larva is retained in abdomen and goes through all three larval instars there, feeding off uterine milk, once mature it is 'delivered' and burrows under cover
69
Tsetse (Glossina) Larva
Light colour with fine black tubular mouthparts
70
Tsetse (Glossina) Pupae
Dark body colour, rounded appearance
71
Triatomine Vector for
Chagas (American Trypanosomiasis)
72
Triatomine Nymph
No larva. Nymph lack wings (just have a wing bud)
73
Triatomine Rhodnius
Long head. Antennae inserted at end of head 'head looks like car on road - Rhodnius'
74
Triatomine Triatoma
Antennae inserted halfway between eyes and end of head
75
Triatomine Panstrongylus
Antennae insert just in front of eyes. 'Strong eyes - Panstrongylus'
76
Triatomine Adult
Large insect. Proboscis tucked under head but may be unfolded in the exam
77
Triatomine Eggs
Oval egg with operculum, pale to dark pink

DTM&H 2024 (32 decks)

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