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DTM&H 2024 > Entomology 1 > Flashcards

Entomology 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Entomology Metamorphosis

A

Series of changes which an insect passes in its growth from egg to adult

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2
Q

Entomology Insect head

A

Antennae and eyes, ocelli and three pairs of jaws (mandible, maxillae, labium)

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3
Q

Entomology Insect thorax

A

3 segments each bearing a pair of legs, the second and third may also bear a pair of wings

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4
Q

Entomology Insect abdomen

A

Usually has 11 segments

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5
Q

Entomology Arachnid cephalothorax

A

No antennae, chelicerae and mouth parts do not have jaw, four pairs of legs

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6
Q

Entomology Arachnid abdomen

A

Also known as opisthosoma.

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7
Q

Entomology Vector borne protozoa

A

Malaria, leishmania, trypanosomiasis

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8
Q

Entomology Vector borne filaria

A

Lymphatic filariasis (Culex, Anopheles, Aedes, Mansonia), Onchocerca volvulus (Simulium fly), Loa loa (Chrysops fly), Mansonella (Midge)

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9
Q

Entomology Vector borne viruses

A

YF, Dengue

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10
Q

Entomology Vector borne bacteria

A

Plague, typhus, relapsing fever

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11
Q

Entomology Mechanical transmission

A

Trachoma on Musca sorbens, Shigella

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12
Q

Entomology Malaria

A

Bite of Anopheles

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13
Q

Entomology Lymphatic filariasis

A

Bite of Culex, Anopheles, Aedes and Mansonia

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14
Q

Entomology Diarrhoea disease mechanical transfer

A

Houseflies eg Musca domestica - contact with infected faeces

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15
Q

Entomology Trachoma

A

Musca sorbens - contact with eye secretions

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16
Q

Entomology Dengue

A

Bite of Aedes

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17
Q

Entomology Leishmania

A

Bite of Phlebotamine sandfly

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18
Q

Entomology Onchocerciasis

A

Bite of Simulium black fly

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19
Q

Entomology T brucei

A

Bite of Glossina tsetse fly

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20
Q

Entomology T cruzi

A

Bite of Triatoma, Rhodnius, triatomine bug

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21
Q

Entomology Rickettsia prowazeki

A

Bite of Pediculus humanus

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22
Q

Entomology Plague

A

Bite of Xenopsylla rat flea

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23
Q

Entomology Japanese encephalitis virus

A

Bite of Culex, Anopheles, Aedes and Mansonia

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24
Q

Entomology Yellow fever

A

Bite of Aedes and Haemagogus

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25
Q

Entomology Relapsing fever (Borrelia duttoni & recurrentis

A

Transovarial or bite of Ornthodoros and P humanus

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26
Q

Entomology Loa loa

A

Bite Chrysops deer fly

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27
Q

Entomology Scrub typhus O tsutsugamushi

A

Transovarial or bite of Leptotrombidium chigger mite

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28
Q

Entomology Lyme Borrelia burgdorferi

A

Bite of Ixodes

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29
Q

Entomology Tick borne encephalitis

A

Bite of Ixodes

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30
Q

Entomology West Nile virus

A

Bite of Culex

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31
Q

Entomology Zika virus

A

Bite of Aedes

32
Q

Anopheles Time of biting

A

Night, inside houses

33
Q

Aedes Time of biting

A

Day

34
Q

Tsetse and flies Control

A

Traps

35
Q

Mosquito larvae Control

A

Larval source management (LSM) - intermittent irrigation/flushing, chemical larvicides (Abate), treat with predatory copepods, reduce water (ie tyres and garbage, bacterial toxins (Bacillus), fish to eat larvae

36
Q

Culex larvae Control

A

Moving water, floating polystyrene beads in latrines

37
Q

Aedes Control

A

Wolbachia

38
Q

Anopheles Control

A

IRS indoor residual spray, LLIN long-lasting insecticidal nets

39
Q

Simulium Control

A

Aerial spraying of fast flowing water

40
Q

Mosquito Subfamily: Anophelinae

A

Anopheles

41
Q

Mosquito Subfamily: Culicinae

A

Aedes, Culex, Mansonia, Haemagoggus (+Toxorhynchites)

42
Q

Anopheles Eggs

A

Cigar shaped, air-filled lateral floats

43
Q

Anopheles Larva

A

Lays parallel to water, no siphon creates feeding current with mouthbrushes

44
Q

Mosquito Life cycle

A

Egg -> larva -> pupae -> adult

45
Q

Culicine Eggs

A

Lack float

46
Q

Aedes Eggs

A

Black, laid singly on moist surface, can withstand desiccation for months

47
Q

Culex Eggs

A

Brown, thin rafts

48
Q

Mansonia Eggs

A

Stick to underside of aquatic vegetation

49
Q

Culicine Larvae

A

Siphon, hang at angle to surface

50
Q

Mosquito Blood meal

A

Only the female takes a blood meal - protein for egg development

51
Q

Mosquito Pupae

A

Comma shaped, active, non-feeding - cannot distinguish anopheline from culicinae

52
Q

Mosquito Proboscis

A

Sheath that surrounds mouthpart stylets - pair of maxillae, mandibles, one hypopharynx and the labrum (food canal)

53
Q

Anopheles Travel distance

A

2-4km

54
Q

Anopheles Monitoring population

A

Ladle for larvae/pupae, human landing catches (unethical), light traps then blood meal identification with anti-human Ab, dissection and age-grading by ovaries

55
Q

Culex Body & Wings

A

Boring brown appearance

56
Q

Aedes Body & Wings

A

Body black or brown with highlights of white or silver, legs and abdomen have banded appearance - A aegypti violin, A albopictus line

57
Q

Mansonia Body & Wings

A

Speckled appearance with banded legs. Broad asymmetrical wings

58
Q

Haemogoggus Body & Wings

A

Metallic and shiny

59
Q

Anopheles Head

A

Both sexes have long palps, clustering of dark & pale scales forming bands. Male have densely haired antennae and long clubbed palps. Female have sparsely haired antennae and long palps. Body rests at 45o to surface

60
Q

Culicine Head

A

Female short palps with sparsely haired antennae, Male long palps tapering to a point, densely haired antennae. Body rests parallel to surface

61
Q

Phlebotamine Vector for

A

Leishmania

62
Q

Phlebotamine Abdomen

A

Female round, male thinner with conspicuous copulatory claspers

63
Q

Phlebotamine Larva

A

Terrestrial, dark head, short clubbed hairs over body ‘match stick’ with caudal bristles

64
Q

Phlebotamine Pupae

A

Upright, paired caudal setae

65
Q

Phlebotamine Adult

A

Smaller than mosquito (look macroscopic before microscopic). Hairy head, body and wings. Wings held upwards in V shape when at rest

66
Q

Tsetse (Glossina) Vector for

A

Human African Trypanosomiasis

67
Q

Tsetse (Glossina) Adult

A

Larger than mosquito (look macroscopic before microscopic). Branched hair on arista with small antennae. Proboscis and palp sit together. Wing has hatchet shaped cell

68
Q

Tsetse (Glossina) Reproduction

A

Female only produces one larva each reproductive cycle, larva is retained in abdomen and goes through all three larval instars there, feeding off uterine milk, once mature it is ‘delivered’ and burrows under cover

69
Q

Tsetse (Glossina) Larva

A

Light colour with fine black tubular mouthparts

70
Q

Tsetse (Glossina) Pupae

A

Dark body colour, rounded appearance

71
Q

Triatomine Vector for

A

Chagas (American Trypanosomiasis)

72
Q

Triatomine Nymph

A

No larva. Nymph lack wings (just have a wing bud)

73
Q

Triatomine Rhodnius

A

Long head. Antennae inserted at end of head ‘head looks like car on road - Rhodnius’

74
Q

Triatomine Triatoma

A

Antennae inserted halfway between eyes and end of head

75
Q

Triatomine Panstrongylus

A

Antennae insert just in front of eyes. ‘Strong eyes - Panstrongylus’

76
Q

Triatomine Adult

A

Large insect. Proboscis tucked under head but may be unfolded in the exam

77
Q

Triatomine Eggs

A

Oval egg with operculum, pale to dark pink

DTM&H 2024 (29 decks)

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