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MLT 140 > Enterobacteriaceae, Introduction & Testing > Flashcards

Enterobacteriaceae, Introduction & Testing Flashcards

1
Q

What do Methyl Red and Vogues-Proskaur determine?

A

End products of glucose fermentation

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2
Q

What does the Indole test determine?

A

If Indole is formed from tryptophan by tryptophanase

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3
Q

What does the urease test determine?

A

Hydrolysis of urea

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4
Q

What does Simmon’s citrate determine?

A

If citrate can be used as the sole carbon source

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5
Q

What does the Lysine Iron Agar (LIA) determine?

A

Lysine decarboxylase activity

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6
Q

What is SMAC?

A

MacConkey agar with soribitol

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7
Q

What does alpha hemolysis look like?

A

Green discoloration of the media

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8
Q

What does beta hemolysis look like?

A

Complete clearing of erythrocytes around colonies

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9
Q

What does Triple Sugar Iron (iron) agar determine?

A

Glucose and lactose, or sucrose utilization and hydrogen sulfide production

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10
Q

Which GI pathogen is characterized by watery diarrhea which turns to bloody diarrhea but has no leukocytes?

A

E.coli O157:H7

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11
Q

Media used for detection of salmonella and shigella

A

XLD, HEK, SS

One or the other

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12
Q

Media used for isolation of Yersinia only, incubates at room temperature

A

CIN

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13
Q

Media that selectively enhances the growth of salmonella and shigella while suppressing the growth of normal bowel flora, also used for the detection of shiga-like toxin producing strains of E.coli

A

GN broth/selenite

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14
Q

Media for isolation of Campylobacter - incubates at 42 Celsius

A

Campy agar

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15
Q

Media for isolation of Vibrio

A

TCBS

Thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose

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16
Q

Media for detection of pathogenic strains of E.coli

A

MAC Sorbitol

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17
Q

Media for isolation of salmonella

A

Bismuth sulfite

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18
Q

Immunologic tests available for:

A

Shiga-toxins, campylobacter, C.diff, H.pylori

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19
Q

GI culture collection

-if not processed quickly, should be collected and transported in:

A

Cary-Blair, Amie’s or Stuart media

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20
Q

Microscopic examination of stool for:

A

WBCs - inflammatory diseases

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21
Q

GI culture collection

-preservatives should be used if examination for _________ is intended

A

Ova and parasites

-avoid preservatives if cultures are ordered

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22
Q

At the very least, stool cultures should set up media for the detection of:

A

Salmonella, shigella, campylobacter

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23
Q

_______ and _____ media are used to ID bacterial pathogens in stool

A

Selective and differential

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24
Q

_______ media contain antimicrobial said or chemicals to limit the growth of normal bacterial flora and to enhance the growth of pathogenic bacteria

A

Selective

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25
Q

Salmonella TSI results

A

K/A+

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26
Q

E.coli TSI results

A

A/Ag

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27
Q

Proteus TSI results

A

K/A+

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28
Q

Klebsiella TSI results

A

A/Ag

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29
Q

Shigella TSI results

A

K/A

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30
Q

A pink colony on SMAC indicates what organism?

A

E.coli other than O157:H7

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31
Q

The Kaufman White Scheme is used to serotype which organism?

A

Salmonella

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32
Q

Name the organism that can lead to a carrier-state in the host after infection for which removal of the gallbladder is sometimes the only cure

A

Salmonella

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33
Q

Which of the Enterobacteriaceae is known to be highly drug resistant?

A

Klebsiella

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34
Q

Which GI pathogen requires only a very small inoculum and it also resists stomach acid?

A

Shigella

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35
Q

Which E.coli causes traveler’s diarrhea?

A

ETEC

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36
Q

Which E.coli causes Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS)?

A

EHEC

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37
Q

Which E.coli causes dysentery?

A

EIEC

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38
Q

CIN

A

Yersinia

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39
Q

SMAC

A

E.coli except O157:H7

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40
Q

Swarming colonies

A

Proteus

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41
Q

Bismuth sulfite

A

Salmonella

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42
Q

Red pigment

A

Serratia

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43
Q

Burnt chocolate smell

A

Proteus

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44
Q

ESBL

A

Klebsiella

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45
Q

Vi antigen

A

Salmonella

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46
Q

Mug (+)

A

E.coli except O157:H7

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47
Q

Widely test (+)

A

Salmonella

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48
Q

Safety pin appearance on gram stain

A

Yersinia

49
Q

How does a positive motility test appear?

A

Cloudiness around inoculation line

50
Q

Name a test that detects motility

A

SIM

51
Q

Name an organism that would give a positive motility reaction

A

E.coli

52
Q

Name an organism that would give a negative motility reaction

A

Klebsiella

53
Q

The production of acetylmethylcarbinol from dextrose is the principle of which test?

A

Vogues-Proskaur

54
Q

In which test is ammonia formed?

A

Urease

55
Q

What is the amino acid from which indole is formed in the indole test?

A

Tryptophan

56
Q

What must be added to the indole test before reading?

A

Kovac’s or Erlich’s reagent

57
Q

How would the following tests be resulted for klebsiella?

Indole, citrate, VP

A

Indole: (-)
Citrate: (+)
VP: (+)

58
Q

If the methyl red test is red, the MLT should report the test as:

A

Positive

59
Q

If a SIM media is black, what does this indicate?

A

Positive - production of hydrogen sulfide

60
Q

What is Christensen’s media used for?

A

Citrate

61
Q

What is the pH indicator in TSI?

A

Phenol red

62
Q

Name a urea positive organism:

A

Proteus mirabilis

63
Q

After the addition of Kovac’s reagent, there is a pink color at the interface of the reagent and the media. This is the ______ test

A

Indole

64
Q

In the TSI, the media is pushed up off the bottom of the tube. What would this indicate?

A

Gas production

65
Q

If a TSI is solid yellow, how would you report it? What sugars were utilized?

A

A/A

Glucose, lactose and or sucrose fermentation

66
Q

If a citrate is green, it is reported as _____. Name an organism that would give this result

A
  • negative

- E.coli

67
Q

Name the three sugars in TSI

A
  • glucose
  • lactose
  • sucrose
68
Q

If a urea test is pink, how would it be reported?

A

Positive

69
Q

Name an organism that would give a pink result on a urea test

A

Proteus mirabilis

70
Q

What must be added to a VP test before the test can be interpreted?

A

Alpha naphthalene and KOH

71
Q

Positive reaction appearance for VP

A

Red

72
Q

Positive reaction appearance for Indole

A

Red

73
Q

Positive reaction appearance for LIA

A

Purple

74
Q

Which organism has an IMViC reaction

of ++–?

A

E.coli

75
Q

How is klebsiella differentiated from Enterobacter biochemically?

A

Klebsiella is ornithine (-) and motile

Enterobacter is ornithine (+) and nonmotile

76
Q

Which test produces acetylmethylcarbinol from dextrose?

A

Voges Proskauer

77
Q

Which test causes fermentation of glucose?

A

Methyl red test

78
Q

Which test produces ammonia?

A

Urea test

79
Q

Which test uses Simmons medium?

A

Citrate test

80
Q

Which test uses Christensen’s medium?

A

Urea test

81
Q

Which test utilizes citrate as a carbon source?

A

Citrate test

82
Q

If an Enterobacteriaceae is motile, where on the organism are the flagella found?

A

All the way around

Peritrichous

83
Q

A yellow color appears in a nitrite test after the addition of zinc dust. This result is considered to be:

A

Positive

84
Q

A red result in LIA indicates

A

Deanimation of lysine

85
Q

Which test is KOH associated with?

A

Voges Proskauer

86
Q

Which test is Kovac associated with?

A

Indole

87
Q

Which test is Alpha naphthal associated with?

A

Voges Proskauer

88
Q

Which test is Erlich associated with?

A

Indole

89
Q

Utilization of sucrose I’m TSI is demonstrated by the appearance of:

A

Yellow/yellow slant

90
Q

A methyl red test result is yellow. This indicates a ________ reaction

A

Negative

91
Q

A TSI that should be K/A is read too early. How will it appear?

A

A/A

92
Q

Name the reagents that must be added to the Voges-Proskauer test before it can be interpreted

A

Alpha naphthol and KOH

93
Q

Which E.coli causes infantile diarrhea?

A

EPEC

94
Q

What causes typhoid?

A

Salmonella

95
Q

What causes Pseudomembranous colitis?

A

Clostridium

96
Q

What causes HUS?

A

E.coli O157:H7

97
Q

What causes dysentery?

A

Shigella

98
Q

How does shigella appear on MAC and HEK?

A
  • Colorless on MAC

- green/clear on HEK

99
Q

What is shigella’s TSI?

A

K/A

100
Q

Name three organisms that are phenylalanine deanimase

A
  • proteus
  • providencia
  • morganella
101
Q

Is salmonella normal flora in stool?

A

No, it’s always a pathogen

102
Q

If the MUG test is negative, what possible pathogen is indicated?

A

EHEC - Enterohemmoragic

E.coli O157:H7

103
Q

How can shigella and salmonella be differentiated by TSI?

A

Shigella - K/A

Salmonella - K/A++

104
Q

Name an organism that produces a dark red pigment

A

Serratia

105
Q

What is the name of the chromogen that causes this red pigmentation?

A

Prodigiosin

106
Q

The TSI is red over yellow. How would this be reported?

A

K/A

107
Q

Enterobacteriaceae gram stain reaction:

A

Gram negative rods or coccobacilli

108
Q

Enterobacteriaceae glucose reaction

A

Fermentation

109
Q

Enterobacteriaceae oxidase reaction:

A

Negative

110
Q

If a colony is pink on MAC, this indicates:

A

Lactose fermenter

111
Q

An organism that has a green metallic sheen on EMB would be identified as:

A

E.coli

112
Q

Positive citrate

A

Klebsiella

113
Q

Positive Indole

A

E.coli

Proteus

114
Q

Positive urease

A

Klebsiella

Proteus

115
Q

Positive VP

A

Klebsiella

116
Q

What causes cholera?

A

Vibrio

117
Q

What causes plague?

A

Yersinia

118
Q

What causes ulcers?

A

Heliobacter

MLT 140 (3 decks)

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