ENTERICS: OPPORTUNISTIC HUMAN PATHOGENS Flashcards
Human microbiota of the mouth, nasopharynx & GIT
Klebsiella
spp.
Klebsiella spp. virulence
Heat-labile Cytotoxin
Capsules
Heat-labile Cytotoxin
K. oxytoca
Isolated from pxs with self-limiting antibiotic-associated haemorrhagic
colitis
Heat-labile Cytotoxin – K. oxytoca
K. oxytoca is Indole———-?
Positive (+)
isolated from pxs with
community-acquired pyogenic liver abscess which demonstrates hvKP (hypervirulent or hypermucoviscous phenotype)
K1 capsular clonal complex CC23
K. pneumoniae
associated with severe pneumonia & bloodstream
infections
K1 capsular clonal complex CC28
Both CC23 and CC28 can be spread in generally healthy pxs because of the
intrinsic resistance to complements and neutrophils
Associated Infection of Klebsiella spp.
- Liver abscess
- Lobar pneumonia
3.UTI - Wound and soft tissue infection
- Septicemia
- Chronic infections
- Rhinoscleroma
- Atrophic rhinitis (ozena)
Common cause of :
Chronic infections
Rhinoscleroma
Atrophic rhinitis (ozena)
K. rhinoscleromatis & K. ozaenae
All K.pneumoniae are ————- to Ampicillin
RESISTANT
Some ————- MDR due to plasmid-mediated synthesis of Carbapenemase & Cephalosporinases
K. pneumoniae
a granulomatous infection of the genitals and inguinal area caused by K. granulomatis. It is endemic in Papua New Guinea, the Caribbean, South America, India, Southern Africa, Vietnam and Australia. It is transmitted via sexual intercourse or non- sexual trauma to the genitalia. It resembles syphilis lesions.
Granuloma inguinale or Donovanosis
with necrosis of alveolar spaces, formation of cavities and blood-tinged sputum/ “currant jelly” sputum
Lobar pneumonia
Contaminated medical devices
(common in
respirators)
Contaminated
food and water
Enterobacter
spp.
Associated Infection of Enterobacter
spp.
- Bacteremia
- Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
- UTI
- Surgical site infections
- Intravascular device-associated infections
- Person-to-person
- Contaminated
medical devices (urinary catheters, respirators, IV fluids, etc.) - Direct contact with patient’s
wound and respiratory samples
Serratia spp.
- Sepsis
- Endocarditis
- Acute & Chronic lung infections
- Burn infections
Serratia spp.
Commonly isolated from pediatric pxs
Serratia spp.
Capable of survival in adverse environment
Serratia spp.