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micro unit 6 > enteric bacteria 2/3 > Flashcards

enteric bacteria 2/3 Flashcards

1
Q

salmonella stain and morphology

A

gram negative and rod

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2
Q

is salmonella motile

A

yes

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3
Q

is salmonella lactose fermenting

A

can be, seldomly

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4
Q

salmonella oxidase?

A

negative

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5
Q

salmonella urease

A

negative

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6
Q

salmonella sulfur

A

positive

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7
Q

what diseases does salmonella cause

A

enterocolitis, enteric fevers and septicemia

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8
Q

salmonella enterocolitis caused by which organisms and how

A

typhimuriam, enteritidis, heidelberg invade the gut wall. there is immune containment and bacteremia is rare

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9
Q

salmonella enteric fever (typhoid) organisms

A

typhi and paratyphi

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10
Q

salmonella enteric fever (typhoid) infectious dose

A

high

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11
Q

salmonella enteric fever (typhoid) pathogenesis

A

invasion of gut wall via M cells leads to transport by macrophages and spreading via lymphatics top major organs. there is macrophage apoptosis, bacteremia, toxemia.

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12
Q

salmonella septicemia who gets it?

A

rare in healthy adults maybe a complication of sickle cell

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13
Q

what is the progression of salmonella septicemia

A

osteomyelitis, pneumonia, meningitis. metastatic abscesses form in previously damaged tissues like aneurysms

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14
Q

how to diagnose salmonella enterocolitis

A

culture from stool. there will be nonbloody diarrhea, fever, dehydration.

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15
Q

how to diagnose salmonella enteric fevers

A

high fever, HA, tender abdomen, anorexia, lethargy and rose spots. culture from stool, blood, bone marrow.

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16
Q

how to diagnose salmonella septicemia

A

focal symptoms at affected organ.

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17
Q

how to prevent salmonella

A

notify authorities about possible sources of outbreak. hand-washing and food prep.

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18
Q

how to treat salmonella enterocolitis

A

rehydrate and test for sensitivity of ABs

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19
Q

how to treat salmonella enteric fever

A

ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin. there is a vaccine, but rarely used

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20
Q

how to treat salmonella septicemia/ focal diseease

A

drain abscesses. ceftriaxone or ciprofloxacin

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21
Q

Yersinia enterolitica and pseudotuberculosis gram and morphology

A

negative oval rods

22
Q

Yersinia enterolitica and pseudotuberculosis lactose

A

no

23
Q

Yersinia enterolitica and pseudotuberculosis urease

A

yes

24
Q

Yersinia enterolitica and pseudotuberculosis motility

A

motile at 25, nonmotile at 37

25
Q

Yersinia enterolitica disease?

A

enterocolitis. false appendicitis when spreads to lymph nodes. can predispose to reactive arthritis

26
Q

Yersinia enterolitica infectious dose

A

high

27
Q

Yersinia enterolitica virulence factors

A

on chromosome and plasmid

28
Q

who most common gets Yersinia enterolitica

A

young children

29
Q

Yersinia enterolitica bacteremia

A

rare but deadly

30
Q

pseudotuberculosis who gets this?

A

rare infection. immunocompromised or liver disease.

31
Q

what does the pediatric infection of pseudotuberculosis produce

A

izumi fever

32
Q

how do we diagnose Yersinia enterolitica and pseudotuberculosis

A

diarrhea, dehydration, false appendicitis, on exam. culture from blood, stool, cold-enrich and plate on CIN

33
Q

treatment of Yersinia enterolitica and pseudotuberculosis enterocolitis or mesenteric adenitis

A

replace fluids and electrolytes

34
Q

treatment for Yersinia enterolitica and pseudotuberculosis bacteremia, abscess, severe enterocolitis

A

sulfa-trimethylprim or cipro

35
Q

prevention of Yersinia enterolitica and pseudotuberculosis

A

food prep and hand washing

36
Q

listeria monocytogenes stain and morphology

A

positive rod

37
Q

listeria monocytogenes motility

A

tumbling.

38
Q

listeria monocytogenes hemolysis

A

beta hemolytic

39
Q

listeria monocytogenes growth?

A

grows well in the cold, found on animals, plants and soil

40
Q

how do we contract listeria monocytogenes

A

unpasteurized dairy products, undercooked meats, raw vegetables, contact with livestock and manure

41
Q

who does listeria monocytogenes primarily infet

A

fetus across placenta, newborns during delivery, pregnant women, immunocompromised

42
Q

what virulence factors does listeria monocytogenes have

A

internalin -binds to host E-cadherin, mediates invasion of cells in GI tract, placenta and meninges.
listeriolysin -opens the phagosome and bacteria escapes into the cytoplasm
ActA virulence -actin rockets for infectivity

43
Q

how does listeria monocytogenes grow in the host

A

intracellularly

44
Q

how does listeria monocytogenes spread throughout the host

A

cell-cell spread using actin-rockets by ActA virulence

45
Q

diagnosis of listeria monocytogenes

A

gram stain diptheroids, culture: small gray beta hemolytic colonies further distinguished by sugar metabolism and motility.

46
Q

what happens when pregnant women is infected by listeria monocytogenes

A

abortion, premature delivery, postpartum sepsis

47
Q

what happens when newborn is infected with listeria monocytogenes

A

meningitis

48
Q

what happens when immunocompromised is infected with listeria monocytogenes listeria monocytogenes

A

sepsis, meningitis

49
Q

what happens when a previously healthy person is infected qith listeria monocytogenes

A

watery diarrhea, fever, HA, myalgias, abdominal cramps, little vomit. outbreaks from food

50
Q

treatment for listeria monocytogenes gastrenteritis

A

self-limited

51
Q

treatment for listeria monocytogenes sepsis/meningitis

A

sulfa-tri. or ampicillin + gentamycin

52
Q

prevention of listeria monocytogenes

A

counsel pregnant women and immunocompromised to avoid farm animals, unpasteurized dairy, deli meats, unwashed raw vegetables

micro unit 6 (7 decks)

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