ENT tables Flashcards
what are some peripheral causes of vertigo in children
ingestions
cerumen
ramsy hunt syndrome
labyrinthitis
cholesteatoma
temporal bone fracture
benign positional vertigo
Meniere disease
vestibular neuronitis
What are some central causes of vertigo in children
Tumor
Meningitis
Encephalitis
trauma
stroke
increased ICP
seizure
migraine
motion sickness
Multiple sclerosis
paroxysmal torticollis of infancy
common causes of vertigo
labyrinthitis
benign positional vertigo
migraine
ingestions
seizures
vestibular neuronitis
motion sicknesss
common causes of vertigo
labyrinthitis
benign positional vertigo
migraine
ingestions
seizurest
vestibular neuronitis
motion sickness
common causes of pseudo vertigo
anxiety
depression
hyperventilation
heat stroke
anemia
pregnancy
common causes of epistaxis
trauma
foreign body
allergic rhinitis
viral rhinitis
rhinitis sicca
Causes of conductive hearing loss
congenital:
malformation of the auricle or external ear canal
acquired:
impacted cerumen
middle ear effusion (Acute or chronic)
otitis externa
foreign body
ossicle dysfunction
cholesteatoma
hemotympanum
rupture of TM
disruption of the ossicles
Causes of sensorineural hearing loss
Life threatening causes of acute hearing loss
conductive:
hemotympanum
Leukemic infiltrate
sensorineural:
acute head injury
bacterial meningitis
central nervous system tumour
vascular insufficiency
Common causes of hearing loss
conductive:
middle ear effusion
impacted cerumen
foreign body of external ear canal
sensorineural:
TORCH/congenital infections
viral labrynthitis
perilymphatic fistula
Common causes of dysphagia in an infant
prematurity
tracheoesophageal fistula
choanal stenosis/atresia
birth trauma
reflux
congenital abnormalities
respiratory illness
infectious (botulism, candidiasis, herpetic esophagitis)
Common causes of dysphagia in a child
foreign body aspiration
caustic ingestion
infectious
ingestions (neuroleptic induced dystonic reaction)
neurologic impairment (cerebral palsy, mental retardation, trauma)
inflammatory
life threatening causes of dysphagia
foreign body aspiration
anaphylaxis
tracheoesophageal fistula
epiglottitis
retropharyngeal abscess
botulism
tetanus
polio
diphtheria
Steven johnson syndrome
What is the first line treatment for AOM?
penicillin allergy?
treatment failure?
Amoxicillin 80-90 mg/kg BID
Amox-clav 90mg/kg BID
penicillin allergy:
cefuroxime
ceftriaxone x 3 days (IV or IM)
treatment failure:
amoxicillin-clav
ceftriaxone
Alternative: clindamycin
common causes of sore throat
viral
group A strep
Epstein barr virus
