ENT Lab Flashcards
1
Q
Use of otoscope for adults
A
pull up, out, and posterior
2
Q
Use of otoscope for children
A
pull down, out, and posterior
3
Q
Normal tympanic membrane
A
translucent and pearly
4
Q
Structures of internal ear
A
- cone of light
- umbo = where eardrum meets tip of malleus
- malleus
- manubrium = handle of malleus
- pars tensa = portion of drum that is inferior to pars flaccida
- pars flaccida = superior to malleus
- chorda tympani = runs in superior par near pars flaccida
5
Q
Conductive hearing loss
A
-external or middle ear problem
6
Q
Sensorineural hearing loss
A
-inner ear, cochlear nerve or central brain connection problem
7
Q
Whisper test
A
- doctor stand behind patient
- have patient occlude one ear
- doctor exhales fully and then whispers combo of numbers/letters
- patient repeats sequence
- normal: 3/3 or 3/6 for 2 sequences
- abnormal: 4/6 incorrectly identified
8
Q
Weber Test
A
- lateralization
- place vibrating tuning fork on top of patients head
- normal: sound to both ears equally
- abnormal: sound lateralizes to one ear; either conduction loss in that ear or sensorineural loss in opposite ear
9
Q
Rinne Test
A
- compares air and bone conduction
- vibrating tuning fork placed on mastoid bone behind ear and level with canal
- when patient no longer hears the sound, quickly place fork close to ear canal and inquire if can hear the sound and for how long
- normal: AC > BC
- if weber test was abnormal, and Rinne test normal, suspect sensorineural loss in opposite ear
- abnormal: AC = BC or BC > AC; indicates conductive loss to that ear
10
Q
Healthy Ear results
A
no localization
11
Q
Conductive Hearing Loss: Weber
A
- sounds will localize to affected ear
- ear receiving input from bone conduction only
- air conduction is affected
12
Q
Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Weber
A
- sound will localize to opposite ear (louder in unaffected ear)
- ear is receiving input from bone conduction
- affected ear is not receiving input from the bone conduction on the affected side, causing a louder sound in the unaffected ear
13
Q
Conductive Loss: Rinne
A
BC > AC or BC = AC
- air conduction is impaired secondary to the outer ear structures involved
- bone conduction is not affected, so BC > AC due to lack of air conduction via the affected ear
14
Q
Sensorineural Loss: Rinne
A
AC > BC
- inner ear not receiving information via bone conduction
- air conduction is how the affected ear is receiving auditory information
- AC will be prolonged in affected ear
15
Q
Viral rhinitis mucosa
A
red, edema
