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2/4/23 > ENT Formative > Flashcards

ENT Formative Flashcards

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1
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6
Q

Taste receptors are replaced every …

A

10 days

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7
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Olfactory receptors are replaced every …

A

2 months

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8
Q

Taste and smell receptors are replaced by …

A

Basal cells

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9
Q

The vagus nerve passes out of the cranial cavity via the …

A

Jugular foramen

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10
Q

The first (most superior) nerve to branch off of the vagus nerve is the …

A

Superior laryngeal nerve

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11
Q

The vagus nerve descends through the neck within the …

A

Carotid sheath

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12
Q

The _______ nerve branches off the vagus in the mediastinum and ascends.

A
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13
Q

Conditions associated with hearing loss and tinnitus ?

A

Meniere’s and Labyrinthitis

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14
Q

Vertigo lasting days-week =

A

Labyrinthitis or Vestibular neuritis

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15
Q

Most likely diagnosis for vertigo lasting 20 minutes to several hours

A

Meniere’s

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16
Q

In diagnosing glandular fever what might be seen on blood film ?

A

Atypical lymphocytes

17
Q

Other than antibiotics, what other treatment may be given in severe tonsilitis ?

A

Steroids

18
Q

Rarely, patient may report pain when drinking alcohol

A

Hodgkin’s disease (Lymphoma)

19
Q

Neck lump moves upwards on swallowing

A

Goitre

20
Q

Benign congenital lymphatic lesion, most commonly located in left posterior triangle of neck. Usually diagnosed within the first 2 years of life

A

Cystic hygroma

21
Q

lump located between isthmus of thyroid and hyoid bone

A

Thyroglossal cyst

22
Q

Pulsatile lateral neck lump

A

Carotid aneurysm

23
Q

Neck lump that is associated with dysphagia, aspiration and chronic cough

A

Pharyngeal pouch

24
Q

The most common bacterial cause for a sore throat

A

Strep. pyogenes (Group A strep.)

25
Q

Criteria to decide whether sore throat is due to a bacterial cause

A

Centor criteria

26
Q

Gram positive cocci in chains

A

Streptococci

27
Q

Most common cause of otitis externa ?

A

Staph. aureus

28
Q

At what vertebral level is the hyoid cartilage located?

A

C3

29
Q

At what vertebral level is the thyroid cartilage located?

A

C4/5/6

30
Q

At what vertebral level is the cricoid cartilage located?

A

C6

31
Q

Right-sided tension pneumothorax - where does the trachea deviate ?

A

Left

It deviates AWAY

32
Q

Diagnosis ?

A

Fungal otitis externa

33
Q

Diagnosis ?

A

Cholesteatoma

34
Q

Diagnosis ?

A

Oral candidiasis (thrush)

  • fungal infection
  • not infectious
  • white patches in mouth
35
Q

Features of labyrinthitis ? (4)

A
  1. Episodes of vertigo lasting days to weeks
  2. May be associated with a viral infection
  3. Associated with hearing loss or tinnitus
  4. May experience tinnitus on affected side

2/4/23 (5 decks)

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