ENT

Question 1

What does VITAMIN CDEF stand for?

Answer 1

edit this later

Question 2

TIN CAN BED PAN is the acronym for what?

Answer 2

Trauma Infective Neoplastic Connective tissue Arterio-Venous Neurological Blood Endocrine Drugs Psychogenic Allergenic Not known

Question 3

Disease X - two branches

Answer 3

Acquired (TIN CAN BED PAN) and Congenital (Genetic and Non Genetic)

Question 4

Types of neoplasms

Answer 4

Benign and metastatic (primary and secondary)

Question 5

By what factor do the ossicles increase the sensitivity of the ear

Answer 5

17 fold

Question 6

How is pitch discriminated

Answer 6

Bekesy’s Place theory describes how pitch is discriminated via the concealer amplification between the basilar end and the apex end of the basilar membrane

Question 7

What is used to measure hearing

Answer 7

An Audiogram

Question 8

What is normal hearing score on an audiogram

Answer 8

20-40

Question 9

Mild Hearing loss

Answer 9

25-39 DB

Question 10

Moderate hearing loss

Answer 10

40-65 DB

Question 11

Severe hearing loss

Answer 11

65 DB or above

Question 12

Conductive hearing loss is

Answer 12

Damage to middle ear

Question 13

Sensorineural Hearing loss is

Answer 13

Damage to nerves or hair cells

Question 14

Anterior triangle of the neck

Answer 14

Thyroid Larynx, carotid sheath, submandibular glands, many veins and nerves

Question 15

Posterior triangle of the neck

Answer 15

Lymh nodes, ext. jugular, accessory nerve, supraclavicular nerves

Question 16

What are the three sections of the thoat

Answer 16

Naso, Oro and Hypopharynx

Question 17

Examination of lump

Answer 17

Size, Multiplicity, laterality, consistency, colour, mobility, tenderness, fluctuation

Question 18

Thyroglossal cyst

Answer 18

90% midline 10% lateral
Mobile on swallowing
Can become tender and enlarge with infection
Ultrasound used to check there actually a thyroid gland
Can be surgically excised

Question 19

Cervical dermoid

Answer 19

Epidermoid - contains cheesy keratinous marerial
Could be teratoma
Treatment is by excision via surgery

Question 20

Most common lateral neck lump

Answer 20

Brachial cleft cyst

Question 21

Second brachial cleft anomalies

Answer 21

Most common brachial anomaly

Question 22

Difference between a sinus, cyst and a fistula

Answer 22

Sinus and fistula are both along anterior border of the SCM

Cysts are mainly along upper part of the neck

Question 23

Deep neck space infections

Answer 23

Can be infectious, Trauma, iatrogenic or foreign body

Question 24

Complications of Deep neck space infections

Answer 24

Air way obstruction
mediastinitus
sepsis and septic shock
Iv thrombosis