ENT Flashcards
What is contained within mucus
immunoglobulins
lysozomes
lactoferrin
*Made by goblet cells
Where is blood supply found in the nose
perichondrial layer
*can become necrotic easily because the layer is so thin
What gland secretes mucus in the nose
bowman glands onto the olfactory membrane
How big is the olfactory membrane
5 sq cm
Where do nerve cells enter the nose
through the cribriform plate
What does each nerve cell in the nose contain
olfactory hairs
What is one of the earliest senses humans develop
smell
What does an odor need to be to soak through mucus
water or lipid soluble
Where does the initial scent sensation occur
medial olfactory area which helps with visceral response which triggers the amygdala and hippocampus
What is the function of the sinuses
further humidification and warming
helps with vocal resonance
decrease skull weight
What is the function of the hiatus semilunaris
allows the mucous drainage from maxillary and frontal sinus
Which sense of taste is the most sensitive
bitter
What stimulates Umami taste
protein flavor high in L-glutamate (meat and aging cheese)
What is a taste pore made up of
taste cells coming together with microvilli
What is the job of a taste pore
receives the chemical stimulator and activates the neurotransmitters
How many taste buds do a single person have
3k-10k
What happens to taste buds with age
they decrease
Which cranial nerve is responsible for taste on the anterior 2/3 in the tongue
facial (CN7)
Which cranial nerves carry gustatory information
facial
glossopharyngeal
vagus
What type of tissue make up the tonsils
lymphoid
What type of cells is contained within the tonsils
T and B cells
What is the job of a tonsil
protect against inhaled or ingested pathogens
What in the tonsils entrap bacteria
crypts
Where are the palatine tonsils located
between the arches
What are the pharyngeal tonsils and where are they located
adenoids
posterior nasopharynx attached to the sphenoid
What are the major glands in the mouth
parotid
submandibular
sublingual
What type of cells produce saliva
Acenar cells
What is the job of the false vocal cords
protection from food etc from going down the trachea
