ENT Flashcards
Which major complication of otitis media is there?
Mastoiditis
What is BPPV?
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. This is sudden onset of vertigo and dizziness triggered by changes in head position. Due to calcium deposits in semicircular canals
Investigations for BPPV?
Dix-Hallpike manoeuvre
Management for BPPV?
Epley manoeuvre
What is Meniere’s disease?
Disorder of inner ear characterised by excessive pressure and dilation of endolymphatic system
Features of Meniere’s disease?
- Vertigo, tinnitus, sensorineural hearing loss
- Aural fullness/pressure
- Nyastagmus and +ive Romberg
Treatment of Meniere’s disease
- Buccal/IM prochlorperazine
- Stop driving until in control of symptoms
What can trigger a vestibular neuritis?
Recent viral infection
Features of vestibular neuritis?
- Recurrent attacks of vertigo
- No tinnitus or hearing loss
- N&V
- Nystagmus
Outline the CENTOR criteria and what is ir used for?
- Fever >38
- Tonsillar exudate
- No cough
- Tender anterior cervical lymphadenopathy
Score of 3+ indicates that tonsillitis is likely bacterial and may benefit from Abx
Which urgent complication of tonsillitis you must be aware of?
Quinsy (peritonsillar abscess)
What differentiates Hodgkin’s lymphoma from non-Hodgkin lymphoma?
Presence of Reed-Steinberg cells
What cancer are people from South East Asia at higher risk from?
Nasopharyngeal cancer
What symptoms may prompt you to think about a diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancer?
- Persistent unilateral glue ear in adult not related to URTI
- South East Asian
Features of otosclerosis?
- Conductive hearing loss with tinnitus due to formation of new bone in the stapes
- Family history (autosomal dominant)
