ENS

Question 1

Cushings
Def

Answer 1

Having excess cortisol hormone ACTH. Cortisol helps respond to stress and reduce inflammation

Question 3

Cushings
Cause

Answer 3

Tumor on pituitary or adrenal gland = increased ACTH that increases Cortisol

Taking corticosteroid meds - used to treat asthma, RA - = Apart of negative feedback which shuts down cortisol production = Decrease ACTH as it caused the adrenal gland to shrink

Question 4

Cushings
Population

Answer 4

Women, 30-40

Question 5

Cushings
RF

Answer 5

Overweight, uncontrolled T2D, HBP

Question 6

Cushings
S&S

Answer 6

S - Skin fragile
T - Trunk obesity from increased insulin
R - Round face, Reproductive issues (periods)
E - Elevated BP
S - Sugar level high
S - Stretch marks (purple)
E - Excessive body hair
D - Dorsocervical fat pad (neck hump),
depression / Mood swings

GI distress = increased acid
Osteoporosis

Question 7

Cushings
Diagnosis

Answer 7

24hr urine sample for cortisol amount

Blood / saliva test at night

ACTH plasma level check = decreased ACTH shows issues from the drugs
an increased ACTH can be from issues of disease/tumor

MRI of glands

Question 8

Cushings
Treatment

Answer 8

Tumor removal with steroid inhibitors
reduce steroids slowly

Question 9

Addisons Disease
Def

Answer 9

Adrenal glands dont make enough cortisol or aldosterone which is a failure of the adrenal cortex

Question 10

Addisons Disease
RF

Answer 10

Cancer, taking blood thinner, TB, T1D
graves disease

Question 11

Addisons Disease
s&s

Answer 11

S - Sodium and sugar levels low = crave salt
T - Tired and weakness
E - Electrolyte imbalance
R - Reproductive issues - periods
O - lOw BP
I - Increased pigmentation brownish from
overactive pituitary gland
D - Diarrhea, depression

fatigue / tiredness
fever
confusion
dehydration
hair distribution changes

Question 12

Addisons Disease
Causes

Answer 12

immune system issues - starts attacking adrenal cortex = damage = decreased cortisol

TB
Infection
Cancer

Question 13

Hypothyroidism
def

Answer 13

Underactive thyroid gland

Question 14

Hypothyroidism
s&s

Answer 14

intolerance to cold
weight gain
hairline/hair loss/hair brittle
extreme fatigue
face edema
thickened tongue - affects speech
muscle pain
dry skin
constipation
heavy periods
slowed heart rate

Question 15

Hypothyroidism
cause

Answer 15

autoimmune diseases - diabetes
radiation - cancer treatment
thyroid surgery
pregnancy

Question 16

Hypothyroidism
s&s

Answer 16

intolerance to cold
weight gain
hairline/hair loss/hair brittle
extreme fatigue
face edema
thickened tongue - affects speech
muscle pain
dry skin
constipation
heavy periods

Question 17

Hyperthyroidism
Def

Answer 17

Overactive thyroid gland

Question 18

Hyperthyroidism
s&s

Answer 18

intolerance to hot
Increased weight
missed/irregular periods
diarrhea
straight thin hair
localised edema
increased blood pressure and heart rate
tremors
increased breasts
hot face flashes
muscle wasting

–
Untreated hyperthyroidism can lead to weak, brittle bones. This condition is called osteoporosi

Question 19

Hyperthyroidism
cause

Answer 19

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack the thyroid gland. That prompts the thyroid to make too much thyroid hormone. Graves’ disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism.

Overactive thyroid nodules