ENGUTIL 2 - MODULE 2 Flashcards
A part of systems that connect pipe sections together or other component. They are used to regulate the flow of water in the system.
Pipe Fitting
A short length of pipe having each end threaded on the inside, used for joining two pipes of the same diameter.
Couple or Coupling
A short piece of pipe, threaded on the outside (Male Threads) at both ends, used to join couplings or other fittings.
Nipple
A pipe fitting which is threaded on both the inside and the outside so that it can be used to connect two pipes (or other fittings) of different sizes
Bushing
A coupling device for connecting two pipes neither of which can be turned, consisting of two internally threaded end pieces which are tightened around the pipe ends to be joined, and an externally threaded center piece, which draws the two end pieces together as it is rotated.
Union
Three pars of Union:
Thread Piece
Center Piece
Shoulder Piece
They are used to connect dissimilar pipes. These fittings are somewhat similar to pipe couplings, with the difference that they connect pipe of different types.
Adapter
A coupling decreasing in diameter at one end.
Diameter
It is a disc, collar or ring that attaches to pipe with the purpose of providing increased support for strength, blocking off a pipeline or implementing the attachment or more items.
Flange
An externally threaded fitting for closing the end of a pipe.
Plug
An internally threaded fitting for enclosing the end of a pipe.
Cap
A pipe fitting having a bend and makes an angle between adjacent pipes for a change in direction, usually a 90° or 45° angle. When the ends differ in size, it is known as a reducing (or reducer) elbow.
Elbow
A T-shaped pipe fitting for making a three-way joint
Tee
A tee having lugs for attachment to a wall or joist.
Drop Tee
A tee having a slight curve in the 90 degree transition to channel the flow from a branch pipe in the direction of the main.
Sanitary Tee
A Y-shaped pipe fitting for joining a branch pipe with a main, usually at a 45 degree angle.
Wye
A pipe fitting for making a four-way connection.
Cross
A cross has a slight curve in each of the 90-degree transitions to channel the flow from branch pipes in the direction of the main.
Sanitary Cross
Any of numerous mechanical devices by which the flow of liquid, or gas started, stopped, or regulated by a movable part that opens, shuts, or partially obstructs one or more ports or passageways.
Valve
It functions by the reciprocating action of disc in its body. It can have a single disc (wedge) or double disc. It is used for shut off operation. In double disc valve shut off is good. It can have rising or non-rising stem
Gate Valve
It actuated by a stem screw and hand wheel, suited for installation that calls for throttling. Glove ball affords greater resistance to flow than the gate valve because of the change in flow direction.
Globe Valve
It operates in the same manner as globe valve. It is available in similar range or disc and seat design. Angle valve is used in making 90o turn in a line to reduce the number of joints.
Angle Valve
It is located at the lower end of the pump used to prevent loss of priming in the pump. It is sometimes called Retention valve.
Foot Valve
This valve has a spherical plug.
Ball Valve
It is a controlling element. They are widely used in chemical process industries. It is used where throttling and shut off combination is required. It offers good flow characteristics.
Spherical Plug
This valve consists of a two-way globe and the ball rotates between resilient seats. It is compact and requires low maintenance and no lubrication.
Ball Valve
It this type of valve, the controlling element is a disc called as blade, vane or flapper, which rotates in horizontal or vertical direction and allows the fluid to flow. This valve is suitable for throttling or on-off operation at low pressure drop.
Butterfly Valve
A valve that permits fluid to flow freely in one direction and contains a mechanism to automatically prevent flow in the other direction. It is principally used in industrial piping connections for gas, water, steam, air and other general vapor services.
Check Valve
This valve used on cold water system, heating system, compressed air lines and other pipeline with excessive pressure.
Safety Valve
A tubular section or hollow cylinder, usually but not necessarily if circular cross-section, used mainly to convey substances which can flow.
Pipe
This pipe is made of asbestos fibers and Portland cement and formed under pressure to created a durable and strong pipe. The thickness of the pipe is twice as that of the standard cast iron pipe which make it remarkably superior for embedment in concrete structure for having the same material properties. It can be used as soil, waste, ventilation and downspout.
Asbestos Pipe
It is one of the oldest plumbing materials used by Egyptians, the Greeks and Roman builders as soil and waste pipe such as floor mounted water closets. Also for radioactive wastes and for special laboratory corrosive wastes. Lead is highly resistant to acid and is suitable for underground installation. But because lead is poisonous, it is never used to convey water for human consumption.
Lead Pipe
It is durable and corrosive resistant material. Although it is little more costly than other pipe, this is the most popular water supply pipe, its fitting are cost lesser than steel pipes. It has a smooth surface inside that allows it to accommodate larger quantity of liquid even in a small diameter.
Copper Pipe
They are suitable for hot and cold water supply system and sanitary system (DWV), air conditioning, refrigerator and liquid petroleum gas piping.
Copper Pipes
This type of copper pipe is the heaviest and thickest, it is generally suitable for underground plumbing installation. It is available either rigid(hard temper) or flexible (soft temper),soft temper is also available in coils.
Type K
This type of copper pipe is lighter than type K, it is most popular for use in water supply of residential and radiant heat installation. Same as type K it is available either hard or soft temper, and in coils.
Type L
This type of copper pipe is used for branch supplies where water pressure is not too great, but it is not used for risers and mains. It is in hard temper only and is available in straight lengths.
Type M
This type of copper pipe is the thinnest copper tube and is main application is for the non-pressure installation. It is made in hard temper only same as the type M.
DWV
This pipe is known as “Gray Cast Iron”. The most popular and specified material for drainage system. It is suitable for plumbing needs of a 25- storey building or less. It is however not suitable to a building exceeds 25-storey because of vibrations of the building which can affect and cause water leak of the pipe joints.
Cast Iron Soil Pipe (CISP)
This pipe is also prone to corrosion caused by the action of Carbon Dioxide, Sulfur Oxide and Methane gases which can leads to rust due to oxidation.
Cast Iron Pipe
Extra heavy duty pipe and generally used for underground installation.
XV Type (CISP)
Standard duty and generally used for Building Installation.
SV Type (CISP)
This kind of CISP is used for well-fitted hub and spigot connection
Standard Pipe
This kind of CISP recommended when the length of pipe needed is more than 150 cm long where cutting is not necessary.
Single Hub Pipe
This kind of CISP is preferred when a piece of pipe is shorter than 150cm long when the pipe is cut, both end cans serve as joint connector.
Double Hub Pipe
This kind of CISP acts as a substitute to standard pipe and does not need caulking of joints anymore. Cheaper and easily connected using a neoprene rubber sleeves.
Hub less Pipe
A pipe that is made from alloy of cast iron and silicon. This is commonly used in laboratories, industries and other installations where acid wastes are being discharge. The characteristics of this pipe is brittle and requires stronger support for pipe that is installed horizontally to prevent sagging of joints.
Acid Resistant Cast Iron Pipe
It is for bell-and-spigot cast iron soil pipe (CISP) and other similar joints shall be firmly packed with oakum or hemp and filled with molten pig lead to a depth of not less than 25.4 mm.
Caulked Joint
This pipe is made out from mild steel, drawn through a die and welded, cast into 6 meters long.
Galvanized Steel Pipe
This pipe is not recommended for hot water supply system because temperature will deteriorate the quality of pipe faster.
Galvanized Steel Pipe
Pipe are linked by screwing with the help of threads, whereas one is a male thread and one is a female thread, in every junction.
Threaded Joints
This pipe is developed in Germany in 1935 and was introduced in the Philippines at the early 70’s.
Plastic or Synthetic Pipe
This pipe pipe became more popular for waters supply system because its economic value and ease installation, especially on projects like low cost housing where cost is important.
Plastic Pipe
Types of Plastic Synthetic Pipes:
Rigid Type
Flexible type
A plastic pipe that is usually black in color and its main application is for DWV system.
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)
A plastic pipe that is generally approved for pressure systems such as cold water supply, it is typically rated 23 °C and 690 kPa, thus it is not advisable for potable hot water distribution. Usually white or gray color but it can be in other colors. It is also available in coils
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
This pipe is generally used for hot (rated 82 °C and 690kPa) and cold water supply, and fire suppression sprinkler system in residences. It is also used in sanitary drainage applications for its chemical resistance. Usually beige or tan in color.
Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (cPVC)
This pipe is generally used for drainage, waste pipes, drain pipes,gutters and downspouts, almost replacing cast iron. it is know for having strong resistance against chemicals, sunlight, and oxidation of water.
Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (uPVC)
This pipe is used in many industrial settings due to its chemical and thermal resistance, affordability, and cost. Use PPR PN 10 for cold water piping. Use PPR PN 20 for hot & cold-water piping.
Polypropylene (PP)
This pipe is generally used for septic tanks, drain fields, and storm sewer.
Styrene Rubber Plastic (SR)
This flexible plastic pipe is ideal piping material for a broad variety of applications such as potable water service or distribution lines, natural gas distribution, lawn sprinklers, sewers, waste disposal, and drainage lines. PE materials are generally resistant to most ordinary chemicals.
Polyethylene (PE)
This flexible plastic pipe is a specific type of medium- or high-density polyethylene. It is stronger and more stable than PE with respect to temperature extremes, chemical attack, and creep deformation. In contrast to metal pipes, it is freeze-break resistant.
Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX)
This flexible plastic pipe is generally used used in hot and cold water supply application, however because of several implications tied to this type it no longer recommend for used in building plumbing system.
Polybutylene (PB)
A common method for joining plastic pipe and fittings. A fast and easy installation that uses solvents and CPVC resin to chemically fuse the pipe and fitting. It sometimes mistaken as gluing but in the process the solvent doesn’t adhere the two pieces instead it makes one continuous piece of plastic pipe. This process both use for pressurized and non-pressurized application, and commonly use for UPVC pipes.
Solvent Cement Joint/Solvent Welding
The simplest way of joining thermoplastic pipe is by cementing called ____________, it reduce 3/4 of the time it takes to make a bell and spigot joints.
Solvent Welding
An integral part of plumbing system to have a continuous length of pipe for pipe network, since pipe the length of pipes available is limited. This joint can make or break a pipeline depending on the technique and workmanship used to form the joint.
Pipe Joint
Compared to brazed and soldered joint, this joint main difference is that it melts the parts together and allows them to cool, resulting in fusion. Welding is usually used in metals and thermoplastics materials.
Welded Joint
Made of cement-based material, such as Portland cement, or mortar mix. The mortar is applied to the connection of bell and spigot of two adjacent cement pipe or fittings to make a watertight seal. Except for repairs and connections to existing lines constructed with such joints, cement mortar joints arc prohibited on new building sewers.
Cement Mortar Joint
Shall be a sleeve coupling of the same composition as the pipe or of other approved materials, and sealed with neoprene rubber rings or joined by an approved type compression coupling.
Asbestos Cement Sewer Pipe Joints
Produce by bolting two flanges together with a gasket in the middle to make a watertight seal. Flanged connection is considered as second most used method of joining after welding. Flanges have an extensive moment-carrying capability, this is critical for pipes that experience lateral buckling due to temperature and pressure changes (e.g. deep waterlines).
Flanged Joint
Where a fixture comes in contact with the wall or floor, the joint between the fixture and wall or floor shall be made watertight.
Joint
A plumbing fixture used to received human excrement and discharge it through a waste pipe using water as a medium to carry the waste. It is supplied with cold water connection. It is classified according to its Design, Make, Flushing mechanism, shape and installation.
Water Closet
Designed for the removal of urine and quick exchange of users. The fixture must contain the urine, flush it down the drain, and wash the exposed surfaces. It is provided with cold water connection. Urinals have been considered a fixture for the male population. Flushing style for urinals will be similar to the water closet.
Urinals
It is used for personal hygiene. It is provided with hot and cold water connection. It can be counter mounted, under counter mounted, or wall hung. It is intended to be used for washing one’s hands and face.
Wash Basin
It is used in kitchen and laboratory for the purpose of cleaning utensils/apparatus and also serves the purpose of providing water for general usage.
Kitchen Sink
The bath tub shall be fitted with overflow and waste pipe of nominal diameter of not less than ______ and _______ respectively.
32 mm
40 mm
A valve for controlling the release of a liquid or gas.
Tap
