English test Flashcards

1
Q

Binding

A

involving any obligation that can’t be broken (VINCULANTE)

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2
Q

Outsorcing

A

going out to find the source of what you need (EXTERNACIONALIZACIÓN)

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3
Q

Sweatshop

A

a work place with unnaceptably sever conditions and usually extremely low wages (EXPLOTACIÓN LABORAL)

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4
Q

Borders

A

boundaries between countries (FRONTERAS)

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5
Q

Fair trade

A

trade in conformity with a fair-trade agreement
(COMERCIO JUSTO)

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6
Q

Imbalance/inequality

A

state or condition with different things do not occur in equal or proper amounts (DESIGUALDAD)

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7
Q

Which are the different levels of applicable law?

A

local, national and domestic

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8
Q

Tariff

A

a tax on goods coming into or leaving a country (TARIFAS/IMPUESTOS)

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9
Q

Interdependence

A

the mutual reliance between two or more groups (INTERDEPENDENCIA)

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10
Q

Dumping

A

The practice of exporting goods at a price lower than the cost of
production in order to gain an advantage over competitors in another country. (EVASION IMPUESTOS)

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11
Q

Free trade area

A

A geographic region where countries have agreed to
eliminate tariffs and other barriers to trade among themselves.
(ÁREA DE LIBRE COMERCIO)

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12
Q

Subsidy

A

Financial assistance given by a government to a business or industry to support it, often with the aim of promoting economic growth or social welfare. (SUBSIDIO)

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13
Q

Waiver

A

An official document that allows someone to be exempted from a
requirement or obligation, such as paying a fee or following a rule.
(EXCEPCIÓN)

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14
Q

Sources of PIL

A

Treaties, Customary international law and United Nations Security Council Resolutions

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15
Q

Accession

A

The act whereby a state accepts the offer or the opportunity to
become a party to a treaty already negotiated and signed by other states. It usually
occurs after the treaty has entered into force.
(ADHESIÓN)

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16
Q

Amendment

A

The formal alteration of treaty provisions affecting all the parties
to the particular agreement. (ENMIENDA)

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17
Q

A treaty can be…

A

Bilateral or Multilateral

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18
Q

Ratifiying

A

to formally approve an agreement, treaty, law, etc., by expressing
agreement, consent, or approval. (RATIFICAR)

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19
Q

Covenants

A

a formal agreement between two or more persons to do or not do
something.
(PACTO)

20
Q

What are the 3 tipes of migrants?

A

Migrant, Refugee and Asylum-seeker

21
Q

Amnesty

A

A legal guarantee that exempts a person or group of persons from
liability for criminal or political offenses. (AMNISTÍA)

22
Q

Child labour

A

Any work performed by a child which deprives them of their
childhood. (EXPLOTACIÓN LABORAL INFANTIL)

23
Q

Deportation

A

Coerced physical removal of a person to their country of origin or a third country by the authorities of the host country. (DEPORTACIÓN)

24
Q

Smuggling

A

The procurement, in order to obtain, directly or indirectly, a financial
or other material benefit, of the irregular entry of a person into (the
territory of) a State of which the person is not a national or a
permanent resident. (CONTRABANDO/TRÁFICO)

25
Q

Aribitraty arrest

A

deprivation of liberty of a person outside of the confines of
nationally recognized laws or international standards. (ARRESTRO ARBITRARIO)

26
Q

Worhsip

A

showing reverence and adoration for a deity or religious figure. (ADORACIÓN)

27
Q

Inalienable

A

unable to be taken away or given up. (INALIENABLE)

28
Q

Pledge

A

a solemn promise or commitment, especially one made publicly or
officially.
(PROMESA)

29
Q

Endowed

A

to possess a natural ability or quality. (DOTE)

30
Q

Sanctions

A

economic penalization imposed to a country.

31
Q

Which is the most relevant document from the UN?

A

Charter of the United Nations

32
Q

Peacebuilding

A

efforts, aiming to lay the foundations for lasting peace in postconflict areas.

33
Q

Veto power

A

the blend of five permanent member to stop a Resolution. (PODER DE VETO)

34
Q

What are the 2 types of Development Goals)

A

Sustainable Deveoplment Goals (ODS’s) and Millenium Deveolpemnt Goals (OMD’s)

35
Q

Arrears

A

owing money that should have been paid already (DEUDAS)

36
Q

Trusteeships

A

the position of a person or group who controls property and/or
money for another person or an organization. (FIDECOMISO)

37
Q

Breach

A

an act of breaking a law, promise, agreement, or relationship. (VIOLACIÓN/ROTURA)

38
Q

Sovereing

A

having the highest power or being completely independent. (SOBERANÍA)

39
Q

Pollution

A

the introduction of harmful substances or products into the
environment.
(POLUCIÓN/CONTAMINACIÓN)

40
Q

Sustainable

A

capable of being maintained at a steady level without exhausting
natural resources causing severe ecological damage.
(SOSTENIBLE)

41
Q

Waste

A

the act of wasting; use up or spend to no profit. (DESPERDICIO)

42
Q

Drought

A

a long period or and extended shortage of dry water (SEQUÍA)

43
Q

Green economy

A

is the practice of sustainable development through the
support of public and private investment to create infrastructure that fosters social
and environmental sustainability (ECONOMÍAS VERDES)

44
Q

Illegal logging

A

is the harvesting of timber in contravention of the laws and
regulations of the country of harvest. (TALA DE MADERA ILEGAL)

45
Q

Renewable energy

A

is energy from a source that is not depleted when used, such as wind or solar power (ENERGÍA RENOVABLE)

46
Q

Which are the 7 principles of Enviromental Law?

A
  1. Principle of sustainable development
  2. Polluter pays principle
    3.Precautionary principle
    4.Common differenciated responsibilities principle
    5.In dutio pro natura principle
    6.Progression principle
    7.Non-regression principle