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HISTORY > ENGLISH REV TIMELINE > Flashcards

ENGLISH REV TIMELINE Flashcards

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1
Q

1625

A

March = James I dies

May = Charles marries Henrietta Maria

Nov = Cadiz expedition - costs totalled £250,000

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2
Q

1626

A

FEB = York house conference - only outcome was it was clear Arminians had support of Charles

JUNE = HoC tried to impeach B for treason - C dissolved P

When dissolved, C used forced loan, billeted troops in civilian homes

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3
Q

1627

A

La Rochelle - Failed attempt to support a Protestant rebellion - 3000 soldiers died

MARCH = 5 knights case against forced loan - issued clause 39 of magma carta

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4
Q

1628

A

C recalled Parliament

Petition of right - should be no imprisonment without trial, should be no taxation without consent, forced billeting of soldiers not allowed
- C agreed in June 1628

HoC began attacking Charles’s Armenian advisors (Laud) + B - C dissolved (June 26th)

AUGUST = B assassinated

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5
Q

1629

A

JANUARY = P assembled

P began complaining of spreading of Arminianism + T&P

MARCH = Eliot issued 3 resolutions:

  1. Denouncement of Arminianism advisors
  2. Statement announcing levying of T&P unacceptable
  3. Those who paid T&P enemies

C sent black rod to dissolve

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6
Q

1630 (Personal rule)

A

JANUARY = Distraint of knighthood - brought in over £100,000 by end of year

  • Also levied forest laws + monopolies
  • Treaty of Madrid, ended hostilities with Spain

NOVEMBER = Leighton brought before Star Chamber for petition demanding abolition of Episcopacy

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7
Q

1632

A

Prune = adopted militant form of Puritanism and began publishing pamphlets critical of Arminian doctrine of Anglican Church

  • also Histiromastix
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8
Q

1633

A

JULY - Wentworth appointed Lord Deputy in Ireland
- He introduced measures that increased trade, industry and agric. Increased customs revenue by x3

AUGUST - Laud appointed Archbishop of Canterbury
Initiated a vigorous campaign to restore wealth of church and impose uniformity of worship - Catholic suspicion grew

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9
Q

1634

A

First ship money writs requested on coastal towns to provide shops
1635- it was extended to inland areas

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10
Q

1637

A

NOVEMBER - Hampden prosecuted for refusing to pay Ship Money

  • 3 high profile Puritans who resisted Laud’s reforms presented for trial in Star Chamber (Bastwick, Prynne + Burton)
  • Book of common prayer - C firmly in a mind to extend Anglican forms to Scotland
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11
Q

1638

A

Task of drawing up National Covenant against Prayer Book

  • Called for rejection of “innovations” in religion
  • Covenanter movement brewed
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12
Q

1639

A

Taxpayers strike - (35-36) just under 98% of expected revenue was collected

  • In 39’ only 20% was collected
  • C embarked on Bishops war. Many taxpayers sympathised with Scots as fellow Protestants

1st Bishops War: Lack of funds, army was untrained. Led to Pacification of Berwick as an end to the war

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13
Q

1640 PART 1

A

APRIL - Short parliament

  • P discussed nations concerns over the King’s religious reforms + tax methods
  • Pym gave 2 hour speech
  • P’s hostility + rumours they were in communication with Covenanters - C announced dissolution (May 40’)

AUG - Covenanter army massed on border with ENG was 20,000 strong

Battle of Newburn - overwhelmed, most English fled toward Newcastle. Leslie ordered not to pursue fleeing troops.

30th AUG - Covenanters marched into Newcastle. Treaty of Rippon signed shortly afterward, had to pay Scots £850 per day

NOVEMBER - Called Long P

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14
Q

1641 PART 2

A

By Aug, ‘middle group’ emerged in C & L.
The opposition drew up 10 propositions to be considered by Charles
-10 P: C should delay visit to Scotland, C should remove Catholic priests from the Queens service

OCT = Irish rebellion - reported that 200,000 were killed, genuine fear spread of English Catholics were rising to join the Irish

Impact in ENG: (Militia Bill) Proposed that a Lord-General should be appointed to command the militia. Passed by 158-125

NOVEMBER = (GR)

  • Grievances listed over financial + religious matters
  • A demand that parliament should approve C’s ministers
  • A request that bishops to be deprived of their votes in HoC
  • Call for P to have more control over military
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15
Q

1641 PART 3

A

NOV= HoL passed remonstrance by 159-148 votes
Opponents formed a royalist party

By end of 1641:
- C felt strong to assert his authority
Due to: welcoming crowds greeted him when he returned to London from Scotland
- Close nature of recent votes in P (GR & Militia bill)

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16
Q

1642

A

5 members incident: catalyst for action was from impeachment of 12 bishops
-(JAN) C entered commons with escort
-(AFTERMATH) London mob surged street, rumour spread that C was advancing with 1500
SLIDE TO WAR:
(MARCH) C issued militia ordinance, C responded with commission of Array
(JUNE) P issued 19 propositions as settlement: P to be responsible for defence of the country, P to supervise all foreign policy, king to publicly pardon 5 members - C rejected
(AUG) C declared war at Nottingham

17
Q

1642 PART 2

A

(OCT) 1st major battle at Edgehill, 25,000 troops involved, limitations of both sides shown:

  • London road left open, but Royalists failed to capitalise on P army disintegration
  • C decided not to march in London immediately
18
Q

1643

A

Treaty of Oxford didn’t materialise as C felt he was in strong position & couldn’t accept P’s demands for abolition of Bishops

(JUNE) Adwalton Moor: Was the year of great royalist advances - much of the North fell to the king + ports

(SEPT) Solemn league & covenant
Promise to establish pres church in Eng, Scots provided 20,000 troops

19
Q

1644

A

(JULY) Battle of Marston Moor
- Royalists defeated - York surrendered, most of North under P’s control

DIVISIONS
(OCT) Battle of Newbury, P failed, despite outnumbering 2:1. ‘Peace’ tactics were to blame - led to the Self-Denying Ordinance (MPs had to resign military commands)

20
Q

1645

A 
(JAN) Uxbridge treaty 
'Peace' party demand:
- SL&C to be taken by the king
- Bishops to be abolished in U.K.
-P to control key military appointments

(FEB) New Model Army - national force of 21,000, member deeply religious (zeal)

LEVELLERS: Lilburne denounced MPs who lived in comfort while soldiers died on battlefield. W.Walwyn defended L, advocated complete religious freedom for all

(JUNE) Battle of Naseby - NMA outnumbered Royalists 2:1 - Victory

(JULY) Battle of Langport - Royalists defeated. Bristol taken by P

21
Q

1646

A

(JAN) Longest war (15 months) ended -Seige of Chester

(JULY) Newcastle propositions

  • P would nominate key officers to state
  • P would control militia for 20 yrs
  • Bishops abolished & pres church for 3 yrs
  • King’s peace treaty with Irish to be annulled and war in IRE to resume under P

P & Scots - 2 major disagreements

  • Custody of king
  • Scots believed that due to SL&C (43’) the ENG church should be modelled on Pres system

C handed to Scots: Scots knew he wouldn’t agree to demands for full Pres church of ENG + resentment due to fact that C had been in secret contact with Scots since start of 46’ from MPs

22
Q

1647

A

DIVS IN P
Pres beliefs: Wanted an end to episcopacy & replace with Pres system. Bishops replaced with assembly. Wanted disbanding of NMA

Extent of divs (46-47’)
-Pres boosted by C into their custody (Jan)
-Pres, in Dec 46’, petition from London demanded P disband the army due to too many radicals
-Since Pym’s death, ‘middle group’ favoured settlement like the Pres but didn’t want to deal with inflexible C
-Levellers active in London, issued petition in MARCH stating the nation was still oppressed
(Agitators) soldiers wanted bigger say
(JUNE) Army revolt, Joyce kidnapped King from Pres

23
Q

1647 PART 2

A

(Mid Aug) I + army were in position of strength. During initial stages of Army revolt, there we’re unity between officers & rank of file soldiers - this changed with heads of proposals:

  • Triennial Act to be replaced with biennial parliaments
  • P would nominate key officers of state for 10 yrs
  • P would control militia for 10 yrs
  • Continued use of Bishops in church - C accepted

(OCT) Putney debates
Leveller influence more pronounced + many wanted more radical doc than heads of proposals
-Radicals demanded complete religious freedom & annual P’s elected by all adult males
-Ireton (Grandees) countered with claim that voters must be men of property
(ENGAGEMENT) On Isle of Wight, C was approached by envoys from SCO. Accepted R on 26th Dec(modified version of Newcastle P) in return for military assistance, C agreed to establish a Pres church in ENG for 4 yrs

HISTORY (8 decks)

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